794 



MANtTAL or DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



Deep agar colonies: Small, irregular, 

 opaque, dense, cottony masses. Gas is 

 formed. 



Broth : Diffuse turbidity. 



Milk: Usually coagulated in from 6 to 

 10 days. Abundant gas, but no peptoni- 

 zation. 



Indole is not formed. 



Acid and gas from glucose, fructose, 

 galactose, maltose, lactose, sucrose, raffi- 

 nose, dextrin, soluble starch, amygdalin 

 and salicin. Xylose, inulin, mannitol 

 and glycerol not fermented. 



Coagulated albumin not liquefied. 



Blood serum not liquefied or discolored. 



Brain medium not blackened or di- 

 gested. Non-proteolytic. 



Non-pathogenic for guinea pig and 

 rabbit. 



Grows well at 37°C. 



Anaerobic. 



Source: Feces, gaseous gangrene, and 

 postmortem fluid and tissue cultures. 



Habitat: Undetermined, other than 

 these sources. Evidently occurs com- 

 monly in intestinal canal of human beings. 



30. Clostridium cochlearium (Bulloch 

 etal.) Bergeyetal. (Bacillus Type IIIc, 

 Mcintosh, Med. Res. Counc, Spec. Rept. 

 Ser. No. 12, 1917, 20; Bacillus cochlcarius 

 Bulloch, Bulloch, Douglas, Henry, Mcin- 

 tosh, O'Brien, Robertson and Wolf, Med. 

 Res. Ck)unc., Spec. Rept. Ser. No. 39, 1919, 

 40; Flemingillus cochlcarius HeWer, Jour. 

 Bad., 7, 1922, 5; Bergey et al.. Manual, 

 1st ed., 1923, 333; Plectridium cochlear- 

 ium Pr^vot, Ann. Inst. Past., 61, 1938, 

 88; Plectridium incertum. Prevot, idem.) 

 From Latin, spoon-shaped. 



Rods: Slender, straight, occurring 

 chiefly singly , or infrequently in pairs and 

 in short chains. Motile with peritrichous 

 flagella. Spores oval, terminal, swelling 

 rods. Weakly Gram-positive. 



Gelatin : Not liquefied. 



Agar surface colonies (anaerobic ) : 

 Circular, clear, entire, or with crenated 

 edge. 



Deep agar colonies : Lenticular, entire. 



Broth: Turbid. 



Litmus milk: Unchanged. 



Glucose not fermented. 



Carbohydrates not fermented. 



Coagulated albumin not liquefied. 



Blood serum not liquefied. 



Brain medium not blackened or di- 

 gested. 



Meat medium : Slightly reddened. Not 

 blackened or digested. Little gas of non- 

 putrefactive odor. 



Non-pathogenic. 



Optimum temperature 30°C to 35°C. 



Anaerobic. 



Source : From human war wounds and 

 septic infections. 



Habitat: Not determined, other than 

 these sources. Probably occurs in soil. 



31. Clostridium kluyveri Barker and 

 Taha. (Jour. Bact., IfS, 1942, 347.) 

 Named for A. J. Kluyver, in whose labora- 

 tory the organism was discovered. 



Rods : 0.9 to 1.1 by 3.0 to 11.0 microns. 

 Straight to slightly curved; usually sin- 

 gle, but also paired and occasionally in 

 long chains. Motile with peritrichous 

 flagella. Spores oval, terminal, swelling 

 rods. Generally Gram-negative; some 

 strains weakly Gram -positive when 

 young. 



Iron-gelatin (Spray) : No growth. 



Surface agar colonies (anaerobic ) : 

 Growth slow and restricted by residual 

 traces of oxygen. Rough and smooth 

 colonies are produced. 



Deep agar colonies (j^east autolysate 

 and C2H5OH): Small colonies (1 to 3 

 mm) after 2 to 3 days; two types are 

 formed : a) fluffy spheres with dense 

 nuclear center and filamentous periphery ; 

 b) compact, lenticular colonies. Little 

 gas is formed. 



Plain broth: No growth. 



Glucose broth : No growth. 



Milk or iron-milk (Spray) : No growth. 



Indole not recorded (probably nega- 

 tive). 



Nitrites not recorded (probably nega- 

 tive). 



Glucose not fermented. 



Carbohydrates not fermented. 



