796 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



trichous flagella. Spores oval, terminal, 

 swelling rods. Gram-positive. 



Gelatin : Liquefied. 



Blood agar surface colonies (anaerobic) : 

 Tiny, transparent, round or irregular 

 dew-drops, becoming opaque. Non-he- 

 molytic. 



Deep agar colonies: Small, opaque, 

 lenticular to heart-shaped. 



Tryptone broth : Turbid. Gas is 

 formed . 



Milk: Often, but not invariably, clotted. 

 Acid is formed. Clot, when formed, is 

 not digested. 



Indole not formed. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Acid and gas from glucose, fructose and 

 galactose. Maltose, lactose, sucrose, raf- 

 finose, xylose, inulin, dextrin, starch, 

 cellulose, amygdalin, salicin, mannitol 

 and glycerol not fermented. 



Coagulated albumin liquefied. 



Blood serum slowly softened and par- 

 tially liquefied. Not blackened. Mildly 

 proteolytic. 



Brain medium is blackened; slightly 

 softened, but not conspicuously liquefied. 



Pathogenicity : Guinea pig may show 

 slight subcutaneous edema; usually no 

 effect. Non-pathogenic for rabbit. 



Grows at 37°C. 



Anaerobic. 



Source : Human feces, gaseous gangrene 

 and septicemia. 



Habitat: Not determined, other than 

 these sources. 



34. Clostridium parabifermentans 



comb. nov. {Bacillus jparahifermentans 

 sporogenes de Gasperi, Compt. rend. Soc. 

 Biol., Paris, 67, 1909, 492.) From Greek, 

 para, near, and Latin, bis, twice, and 

 fermentum, a ferment. 



Rods : 0.5 to 0.7 by 4.0 to 5.0 microns, 

 occurring singly, in pairs and in chains of 

 3 to 5 cells. Motile. Spores oval, ter- 

 minal, swelling rods. Gram-positive. 



Glucose gelatin : Rapid growth with 

 liquefaction. 



Deep glucose agar colonies : Lenticular, 

 regular, opaque, whitish. Agar dis- 



rupt ed by considerable gas of putrefactive 

 odor. 



Glucose broth : Abundant growth with 

 uniform turbidity and with viscous sedi- 

 ment. 



Milk: Acidified but not coagulated. 

 Casein slowly precipitated with slow, but 

 complete, digestion. 



Indole formed in trace. 



Glucose, lactose and sucrose fermented 

 to acids. (Gas not recorded.) Starch is 

 not fermented. 



Coagulated albumin actively liquefied. 



Non-pathogenic for mouse. 



Grows between 22°C and 37°C. 



Anaerobic. 



Source : From putrefying game (pheas- 

 ant and guinea-fowl). 



Habitat : Undetermined, other than 

 this source. 



35. Clostridixim ovalare Bergey et al. 

 {Bacillus putrificus ovalaris Debono, 

 Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Grig., 62, 1912, 

 231; Bergey et al., Manual, 1st ed., 1923, 

 336; Plectridium ovalaris Pr^vot, Ann. 

 Inst. Past., 61, 1938, 88.) From Latin, 

 oval. 



Rods : 0.3 to 0.4 by 6.0 to 8.0 microns, 

 straight or curving, ends rounded, occur- 

 ring singly, in pairs and in short chains. 

 Motile. Spores oval, terminal, swelling 

 rods. Gram-positive. 



Gelatin : Rapidly liquefied. 



Deep glucose agar colonies : Small, 

 globular, entire, becoming brownish. 

 Scant gas is formed. 



Broth: Turbid. 



Litmus milk : Acid, peptonized without 

 coagulation. 



Indole not formed. 



Acid and scant gas from glucose and 

 lactose. Acidonly from sucrose. Dulci- 

 tol not fermented. 



Coagulated albumin rendered transpar- 

 ent, then slowly peptonized, with a 

 putrefactive odor. 



Grows at 22°C and at 37°C. 



Anaerobic . 



Source: Originally from putrid meat, 

 later from feces. 



