FAMILY BACILLACEAE 



799 



teLani Fischer, Jalirb. 1'. Wissensch. 

 Botanik, S7, 1895, (147?); Holland, Jour. 

 Bact., 5, 1920, 220; Nicollaierillus tetani 

 Heller, Jour. Bact., 7, 1922, 7.) From 

 tetanus, lockjaw. 



Rods : 0.4 to 0.6 by 4.0 to 8.0 microns, 

 rounded ends, occurring singly, in pairs, 

 and often in long chains and filaments. 

 Motile with peritrichous flagella. Spores 

 spherical, terminal, swelling rods. 

 Gram-positive. 



Gelatin: Slowly liquefied and black- 

 ened. 



Serum agar surface colonies (anaero- 

 bic) : Small, transparent, villous to fim- 

 briate margin. 



Blood agar is hemolyzed. 



Deep agar colonies : Fluffy, cottony 

 spheres, usually without visible central 

 nucleus. 



Broth : Slightly turbid. Gas is formed. 

 Some strains clear quickly by sedimen- 

 tation. 



Litmus milk: Slow precipitation of 

 casein, or soft clotting. Clot slowly 

 softened, but not definitely digested. 

 Little gas is formed. 



Lidole is formed. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Glucose not fermented. 



Carbohydrates not fermented. 



Coagulated albumin slowl}^ liquefied. 



Blood serum slowly softened, with 

 feeble digestion. 



Brain medium blackened and slowly 

 digested. Not actively proteolytic. 



Pathogenic and toxic. Forms a potent 

 exotoxin for which an antitoxin is pre- 

 pared. Toxin intensely toxic on injec- 

 tion but not on feeding. 



Optimum temperature 37°C. 



Anaerobic. 



Source: Originally isolated from ani- 

 mals inoculated with garden soil extract. 

 Frequently isolated from wounds in hu- 

 man tetanus. 



Habitat : Common in soils, and in hu- 

 man and horse intestine and feces. 



41. Clostridium lentoputrescens Hart- 

 sell and Rettger. (Bacillus der Eiweiss- 



faulniss, Bienstock, Fortschr. d. Med., 1, 

 1883, 614 (Art IV, Bienstock, ibid., 612; 

 Eiweissbacillus, Bienstock, Ztschr. f. 

 klin. Med., 8, 1884, 38); Bacillus albu- 

 minis Schroeter, in Cohn's Kryptogamen- 

 Flora von Schlesien, 3, 1, 1886, 162; 

 Bacillus putrificus coli Fliigge, Die 

 Mikroorg., 2 Aufl., 1886, 303; Pacinia 

 putrifica Trevisan, I generi e le specie 

 delle Batteriacee, 1889, 23; Bacillus 

 putrificus Bienstock, Ann. Inst. Past. 

 13, 1899, 861; Bacillus butyricus putre- 

 faciens Rodella, Ann. Inst. Past., 19 

 1905, 804; Putribacillus vulgaris Orla- 

 Jensen, Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., £2, 1909, 

 343; Clostridium putrificum Holland, 

 Jour. Bact., 5, 1920, 220; Putrificus 

 bienstocki Heller, Jour. Bact., 7, 1922, 

 8; Bacillus putrificus (coli) Lehmannand 

 Neumann, Bakt. Diag., 7 Aufl., 3, 1927, 

 661; Hartsell and Rettger, Jour. Bact., 

 27, 1934, 39 and 497; Plectridium putrifi- 

 cum and Plectridium putrificum var. 

 lentoputrescens Prevot, Ann. Inst. Past., 

 61, 1938, 88.) From Latin, slowly made 

 putrid. 



Probable synonyms : Bacillus radiatus 

 Liideritz, Ztschr. f. Hyg., 5, 1889, 149 

 {Cornilia radiata Trevisan, loc. cit., 22; 

 Bacillus radiatus anaerobius Hopffe, 

 Ztschr. f. Infkrnkh. u. Hyg. Haust., 14, 

 1913, 392); Bacillus cadaveris sporogenes 

 {anaerobicus) Klein, Cent. f. Bakt., I 

 Abt., 25, 1899, 279 {Bacillus cadaveris 

 Klein, idem; not Bacillus cadaveris 

 Sternberg, Researches relating to the 

 etiology and prevention of yellow fever, 

 Washington, 1891, 212; not Bacillus 

 cadaveris Migula, Syst. d. Bakt., 2, 1900, 

 646; Bacillus cadaveris sporogenes Klein, 

 loc. cit., 284; Plectridium cadaveris Pre- 

 vot, Ann. Inst. Past., 61, 1938, 88); Art 

 XIV, von Hibler, Untersuch. ii. d. Path. 

 Anaer., 1908, 3 and 413; Bacillus tetan- 

 oides (B) Adamson, Jour. Bact. and 

 Path., 22, 1918-19, 388. 



Hartsell and Rettger, loc. cit., conclude 

 that their organism differs very ma- 

 terially either from Clostridium cochlear- 

 ium or from Bacillus putrificus, as 

 described by Cunningham, .Jour. Bact., 



