FAMILY BACILLACEAE 



805 



Fermentation products include espe- 

 cially acetone and amyl alcohol, and 

 "mailer amounts of propyl, butyl and iso- 

 butyl alcohols, and acetic acid. 



Coagulated albumin not digested. 



Blood serum not liquefied; forms a 

 small amount of yellowish liquid. 



Optimum temperature 18°C to 20°C. 

 Inhibition of growth and pigmentation 

 above 25°C. 



Anaerobic. 



Distinctive character : Forms a rose- 

 colored pigment which is soluble in alco- 

 hol, but not in water, ether or chloroform. 



Source : From potato. 



Habitat : Not determined, other than 

 this source. 



50. Clostridium roseum McCoy and 

 McClung. (Arch. f. Mikrobiol., 6, 1935, 

 237.) From Latin roseum, pink. 



Rods : 0.7 to 0.9 by 3.2 to 4.3 microns, 

 occurring singly, in pairs and in short 

 chains. Motile with peritrichous flagella. 

 Spores oval, subterminal, swelling rods 

 to Clostridia. Gram-positive, becoming 

 Gram-negative. 



Granulose reaction positive in clostri- 

 dial stage. 



Glucose gelatin: Liquefied. 



Plain agar slant (anaerobic) : Surface 

 growth scant, scarcely perceptible. 



Glucose agar surface colonies (anaero- 

 bic): Raised, smooth, edges slightly 

 irregular. Pink to orange pigment. 



Deep glucose agar colonies : Compact, 

 lenticular, pink to red-orange. 



Blood agar not hemolyzed. 



Pigmentation (anaerobic): Colonies 

 red-orange, becoming purplish-black on 

 aeration. 



Plain broth : No growth. 



Glucose broth: Abundant, uniform 

 turbidity, with much gas. 



Litmus milk: Stormy coagulation. 

 Litmus reduced, but obscured by pink 

 pigment. Clot slowly softened. Pro- 

 teolysis demonstrable on milk agar. 



Potato ■ Rapid digestion to a clear 

 yellow fluid and bluish sediment. Much 

 gas with butylic odor. 



Corn mash : Resembling reaction of 

 Clostridium acetobutylicum, but with 

 flesh-orange pigment, becoming slowly 

 purple at surface on ageing. 



Hydrogen sulfide formed from thiosul- 

 fate and sulfite. 



Nitrates reduced to ammonia. 



Nitrites reduced to ammonia. 



Indole not formed. 



Acid and gas from xylose, arabinose, 

 glucose, mannose, fructose, galactose, 

 lactose, maltose, sucrose, raffinose, starch, 

 dextrin, glycogen, inulin, pectin and 

 salicin. Esculin and amygdalin weakly 

 fermented. Mannitol, erythritol, glycer- 

 ol, «-methyl glucoside, Ca-lactate and 

 cellulose not fermented. 



Coagulated albumin cubes : Softened 

 and yellowed by slow digestion. 



Blood serum not liquefied. 



Brain medium not blackened or 

 digested. 



Non-pathogenic for guinea pig and 

 rabbit. 



Optimum temperature about 37°C. 

 Growth occurs from 8°C to 62°C. 



Anaerobic. 



Source : From German maize. 



Habitat : Probably occurs in soil. 



51. Clostridiiun chromogenes Prevot. 

 (Chromogenic anaerobe, Ghon and 

 Mucha, Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 4^, 

 1906, 406; Bacillus anaerobius chromo- 

 genes LeBlaye and Guggenheim, Man. 

 Prat. d. Diag. Bact., 1914, 321; Prevot, 

 Ann. Inst. Past., 61, 1938, 85.) From 

 Latin, color-producing. 



Rods : Moderate size, coccoid to elon- 

 gate, ends rounded to slightly pointed; 

 straight to slightly curved. Occurring 

 singly, paired, in short chains and in 

 long, curved to coiled filaments. Capsu- 

 late, especially in serum media. Motile, 

 with many peritrichous flagella. Spores 

 abundant, oval, central, subterminal, to 

 apparently terminal at maturation, swell- 

 ing rods to clubs and Clostridia. Gram- 

 positive. 



Granulose negative with iodine 

 solution. 



