832 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



2. Gallionella major Cholodny. (Trav. 

 Station. l)i()lo{^. (lu Dnu-pre Aoad. des 

 Sci. de r Ukraine, Classo Sci. Phys. et 

 Math., 3, Livre 4, 1927.) From Latin 

 major, larger. 



Very similar to Gallionella ferruginea, 

 but the cells are distinctly larger (1 by 

 3 microns), and, some cells failing to 

 divide, reach a length uf 7 microns or 

 more. These form stalks of double the 

 normal width. 



The cells contain one or more vacuoles, 

 apparently filled with an iron compound. 



Source : Found in a spring in the Cau- 

 casus. 



Habitat : Iron-bearing water. 



3. Gallionella minor Cholodny. (Ber. 

 d. deutsch. Bot. Ges., 42, 1924, 35.) 

 From Latin minor, smaller. 



Cells as in GullioncUa ferruginea, but 

 stalks are shorter, thicker, encrusted 

 with nodules of iron and not definitely 

 band-like or twisted. 



Habitat: Iron-bearing water. 



4. Gallionella corneola Dorff. (Die 

 Eisenorganismen, Pfianzenforschung, 

 Heft 16, 1934, 25.) From Latin cor- 

 neolus a little horn. 



Cells spherical or ellipsoidal, or len- 

 ticular in cross section, 0.5 by 2.5 to 

 3.0 microns. 



Stalks short, unbranched, not spirally 

 twisted, completely dissolving in dilute 

 hydrochloric acid. Stalks slender at 

 the base, expanded at the tip, slightly 

 curved, 15 to 30 microns long, attached 

 to the substrate by a holdfast, 3 to 8 

 stalks arising from a single holdfast. 



Habitat: Iron-bearing water. 



Appendix: Additional species of Galli- 

 nnella have been described as follows: 



Gallionella glornerata described by 

 Naumann (Kungl. Svenska Vetenskaps- 

 akad. Handl., I, 62, 1921, Part 4, 45) 

 is not a valid species according to Cho- 

 lodny (Die Eisenbakterien, Jena, 192G, 

 40) . From the Aneboda region, Sweden. 



Gallionella reticulosa Butkevich. (Ber. 

 d. Wiss. Meeresinst. Moscow, 3, 1928, 

 58 and 80.) From the White Sea. 



Gallionella sideropous described by 

 Naumann (Kungl. Svenska Vetenskaps- 

 akad. Handl., I, 62, 1921, Part 4, 33) 

 is not a valid species, according to Cho- 

 lodny (Die Eisenbakterien, Jena, 1926, 

 39) . From the Aneboda region, Sweden. 



Gallionella iortuosa Butkevich. (Ber. 

 d. wiss. Meeresinst. Moscow, 3, 1928, 

 57 and 79.) From the Petschora Sea. 



FAMILY III. CAULOBACTERIACEAE HENRICI AND JOHNSON. 



(Jour. Bact., 29, 1935, 4; ibid., 30, 1935, 83.). 



Stalked bacteria, the long axis of the elongated cells coinciding with the long axis 

 of the stalks. Stalks are slender, flagellum-like, often attached to the substrate by 

 a button-like holdfast, unbranched. Multiplication of cells by transverse binary 

 fission. The outermost cell of a pair may form a stalk before cell division is com- 

 plete. Periphytic, growing upon submerged surfaces. 



There is a single genus Caulohacter. 



Genus I. Caulobacter Henrici and Johnson. 



(Jour. Bact., 29, 1935, 4; ibid., 30, 1935, 83.) From Latin caulis, stalk and hacter, 

 a small rod. 



Description as for the family. 



The type species is Caulobacter vibrioides Henrici and Johnson. 



1. Caulobacter vibrioides Henrici and Cells elongated, curved, vibrio-like, 



Johnson. (Jour. Bact,., 30, 1935, 84.) with rounded ends, 0.7 to 1.2 by 2.0 to 

 From Latin, like a vibrio. 2.5 microns. 



