934 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



399; Cladothrix alba Mac6, Traitd Pra- 

 tique Bact., 3rd ed., 1897; Actinomyces 

 albus Krainsky, Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 

 41 , 1914, QQ2;Nocardia alba Chalmers and 

 Christopherson, Ann. Trop. Med. and 

 Parasit., 10, 1916, 270; Waksman and 

 Henrici, Jour. Bact., 46, 1943, 339.) 

 From Latin albus, white. 



Additional synonyms as given by 

 Baldacci (Mycopathologia, 2, 1940, 156) : 

 Cladothrix dichotoma Mac^, not Cohn, 

 1886; Streptothrix foersteri Gasperini, not 

 Cohn, 1890; Streptothrix No. 2 and 3, 

 Almquist, 1890; Actinomyces saprophyti- 

 cus Gasperini, 1892; Oospora doriae 

 Sauvageau and Radais, 1892; Cladothrix 

 liquefaciens Hesse, 1892 (according to 

 Duch^) ; Cladothrix invulnerabilis Acosta 

 and Grande Rossi, 1893; Actinomyces 

 chromogenus Gasperini, 1894 {Streplo- 

 trix nigra Rossi Doria, 1891); Strepto- 

 thrix gedanensis I Scheele and 

 Petruschky, 1897; Streptothrix gramine- 

 arum Berestneff, 1898; Actinomyces ther- 

 mophilis (Berestneff) Miehe, not Gilbert, 

 1898; Cladothrix odorifera Rullmann, 

 1898; Actinomyces chromogenes Gasperini 

 j8 alba Lehmann and Neumann, 1899; 

 Oospora sp. Bodin, 1899 (according to 

 Duche) ; Oospora alpha Price-Jones, 1900 

 (according to Chalmers and Christopher- 

 son) ; Streptothrix leucea Foulerton, 1902 

 (according to Chalmers and Christopher- 

 son); Streptothrix Candida Petruschky, 

 1903; Streptothrix lathridii Petruschky, 

 1903; Streptothrix dassonvillei Brocq- 

 Rousseau, 1907 (according to Duche) ; 

 Streptothrix pyogenes Caminiti, 1907 (ac- 

 cording to Chalmers and Christopher- 

 son); Streptothrix sanninii Ciferri, 1922; 

 Actinomyces almquisti Duche, 1934; 

 Actinomyces gougeroti Duche, 1934. 

 Doubtful synonyms : Oospora melchni- 

 kowi Sauvageau and Radais, 1892; 

 Oospora guignardi Sauvageau and Radais , 

 1892; Actinomyces albus Waksman and 

 Curtis, 1919 ; Aclinomyces thermodiastal- 

 icus Bergey, (1919) 1925. Varieties: 

 Actinomyces albus var. acidus Xeukirch, 

 1902 (according to Nannizzi); Actino- 



myces albus var. ochroleucus Neukirch, 

 1902 (according to Wollenweber) ; Ac- 

 tinomyces albus var. toxica Rossi, 1905; 

 Actinomyces albus var. cretaceus 

 (Kriiger) Wollenweber, 1920; Actino- 

 myces albus var. a Ciferri, 1927. 



More complete information regarding 

 these species will be found in the text or 

 in the Appendix to Genus Streptomyces. 



The description of this species by 

 Rossi Doria is incomplete. The charac- 

 ters given below are taken from Krainsky 

 {loc. cit.) with some supplementary in- 

 formation from later authors. Other de- 

 scriptions which may vary from this in 

 certain details are given by Waksman and 

 Curtis (Soil Sci., /, 1916, 117), Bergey 

 et al. (Manual, 1st ed., 1923, 367), 

 Duche (Les actinomj'ces du groupe albus, 

 Paris, 1934, 257) and Baldacci {loc. cit.). 



Vegetative hyphae : Branched, 1 micron 

 in diameter. 



Aerial mycelium: Abundant, white. 

 Hyphae 1.3 to 1.7 microns in diameter 

 with ellipsoidal spores (1 micron long) 

 in coiled chains on lateral branches of 

 the aerial hyphae. 



Gelatin: Liquefaction. Colonies gra}% 

 no soluble pigment. 



Ca-malate agar : Colonies of medium 

 size, the center onlj' is covered with a 

 white aerial mycelium. 



Starch agar: Aerial mycelium white 

 but covers the whole surface. 



Glucose agar : Gray aerial mycelium 

 becoming brownish. 



Peptone and bouillon agar : No aerial 

 mycelium but a chalkj^ white deposit 

 forms on old colonies. 



Odor : Earthy or musty. 



Broth : Flaky growth on bottom with 

 surface pellicle in old cultures. 



Potato: Colonies and aerial mycelium 

 white. 



Carrots and other vegetables : Excel- 

 lent growth (Duche). 



No growth on cellulose. 



No hydrolysis of starch. 



Activcl}^ proteolytic. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



