FAMILY STREPTOMYCETACEAE 



947 



white, later light grayish-brown ; pigment 

 very characteristic, bright golden to 

 orange. 



Glycerol agar : Good growth ; vegeta- 

 tive mycelium narrow, raised, smooth, 

 golden to dark bronze; aerial mycelium 

 scant, in patches, white to light cinna- 

 mon-brown; pigment intensely golden to 

 orange. 



Starch-casein agar : Good growth ; vege- 

 tative mycelium spreading, folded, yel- 

 lowish-brown ; aerial mj^celium abundant, 

 smooth, lead -gray; pigment dull yellow 

 to orange . 



Potato: Good growth; vegetative my- 

 celium raised, much wrinkled, rust- 

 brown; aerial mycelium absent or traces 

 of white; pigment gray to faint lemon- 

 yellow. 



Loeffler's blood serum : Vegetative mj^- 

 celium red-brown; no aerial mycelium; 

 yellowish pigment; no liquefaction. 



Distinctive characters : The character- 

 istic golden pigment is formed in nearly 

 all media in which the organism grows, 

 but becomes most typical and attains its 

 greatest brightness in synthetic agar 

 media; it has indicator properties, turn- 

 ing red in strongly acid solutions. The 

 species is easilj^ recognized on agar plates 

 by its bronze -colored colonies, sur- 

 rounded b}^ haloes of bright j^ellow pig- 

 ment. 



Source: Very common in Danish soils. 



Habitat: Soil. 



32. Streptomyces gougeroti (Duche) 

 cumb. nov. {Actinomyces gougeroti Du- 

 che, Encyclopedic Mycologique, Paris, 

 6, 1934, 272.) Named for Prof. Gougerot, 

 from whom the culture was obtained. 



Gelatin : Cream-colored colonies de- 

 veloping slowly with faint aerial mj-- 

 celium; no pigment; liquefaction. 



Plain agar : Cream-colored growth form- 

 ing concentric ring with age, with brown- 

 ish reverse; faint yellowish soluble pig- 

 ment. 



Synthetic agar: Slow growth as puncti- 

 form colonies ; cream-colored with smooth 



edge ; no aerial mycelium ; no soluble pig- 

 ment. 



Peptone broth : Cream-colored ring on 

 surface of medium with flakes throughout 

 the medium; no soluble pigment. 



Synthetic solution : Submerged my- 

 celium in the form of flakes, later forming 

 a surface pellicle ; filaments of aerial my- 

 celium 1 micron in diameter, with nu- 

 merous conidia ; cream-colored growth ; no 

 soluble pigment. 



Tyrosine medium : Good growth with 

 white aerial mycelium; no soluble pig- 

 ment. 



Litmus milk : Growth in the form of 

 colonies which remain separated from one 

 another ; also flakes in the bottom of the 

 tube with bluish tinge on reverse of 

 growth; milk turns blue in 10 to 12 days. 



Coagulated serum : Cream-colored 

 growth covered with white aerial mj^ce- 

 lium; rapid liquefaction of serum. 



Potato : Slow growth of a greenish tinge ; 

 aerial mycelium; no black pigment. 



Distinctive character : Intermediate 

 between Streptomyces albus with its 

 abundant aerial mycelium and Actino- 

 myces almquisti with its very scanty aerial 

 mycelium. 



Source : Culture obtained from the col- 

 lection of Prof. Gougerot. 



33. Streptomyces violaceoniger (Waks- 



man and Curtis) comb. nov. {Actino- 

 myces violaceus-niger Waksman and 

 Curtis, Soil Science, 1. 1916, 111.) From 

 Latin violaceus, violet and nigcr. black. 



Gelatin : Gray growth, with no produc- 

 tion of aerial mj^celium. Gelatin around 

 colonj^ rapidly liquefied, but without any 

 change in color. 



Czapek's agar : Colony at first dark 

 gray, turning almost black, 2 to 4 mm in 

 diameter. Surface glossy, much folded 

 with a very thin gray margin. A white 

 to gray aerial mycelium is produced after 

 the colony has well developed. A bluish- 

 black pigment is produced at a later stage 

 of its growth. The pigment slowly dis- 

 solves in the medium, turning almost 



