1004 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



Genus I . Oscillospira Challun and Pernrd. 



(Comp. rend. 8oc. Biol., Paris, 65, 1913, 1150.) 



Characters as for the family. 



The type species is Oscillospira guillwrmondii Chatton and Perard. 



1. Oscillospira guilliermondii Chatton pig. Spores 2.0 by 4.0 to 5.0 microa? 

 and Perard. (Chatton and Perard, (Krassilnikow, Microbiol. Jour. (Ru5- 

 idem.) From the intestine of a guinea sian), 6, 1928,249). 



FAMILY IV. CARYOPHAXACEAE PESHKOFF. 



(Jour. Gen. Biol. fPussian), /, 1940, 611, 616.) 



Large filamentous and bacillary forms. 

 Individuals not divided into cells; they 

 are virtually coenocytic tubular organ- 

 isms containing alternating ring, horse- 

 shoe or disk-like nuclei and protoplasmic 

 segments. Such nuclei are most compar- 

 able with single chromosomes reprofiucing 



themselves by means of a true endomito- 

 sis (Peshkoff, Nature, 154, 1046, 137). 

 Xo spores formed. When motile, possess 

 jieritrichous flagella. They are found on 

 the mucous membranes of the mouth 

 cavities of man and various animals, and 

 in the alimentary tracts of ruminants. 



Gentiti 



I. Caryophanon Prslikoji. 

 iLoc. cil.) 



Characters as for the family. 



The type species is Canjophanon lalum Peshkoff. 



1. Caryophanon latum Peshkoff. 

 (Compt. rend (DokladjO Acad. Sci., 

 U.R.S.S. Nouvelle s^rie. 25, 1939, 244; 

 Jour. Gen. Biol. (Russian), 1, 1940, 527; 

 Microbiology (Russian), 15, 1946, 189.) 



Slightly curved rods 3.1 by 15 to 20 

 microns. Grow on cow manure-extract 

 agar pH 7.8 to 8.0. Also grow on yeast- 

 extract agar at same pH. Aerobic. Iso- 

 lated from 20 to 30 per cent of samples of 

 fresh cow manure. X'^on-pathogenic . 

 Isolated at least 20 times in Moscow 

 (U.S.S.R.) and its vicinity by Peshkoff. 

 In 1945 isolated and successfully culti- 

 vated in England by Robinow and Pring- 

 sheim. Apparently ubiquitous, con- 

 nected with ruminants. Colonies round, 

 1 to 2 mm in diameter with slightly undu- 

 late margins. Subject to distinct S-R 

 variation. R forms tend to grow in long 

 motile filaments and are much thinner 

 than the plump S individuals. May 

 occur in the form of mononucleate coc- 

 coids (especially on yeast-extract agar) 

 and polynucleate bacilli. When grown 



from old cultures may develop irregular 

 giant forms. 



2. Caryophanon tenue Peshkoff. 

 (Comp. Rend. (Doklady) Acad. Sci. 

 U. R. S. S., Nouvelle S^r., 25, 1939, 244; 

 Jour. Gen. Biol. (Russian), /, 1940, 597.) 



Similar to the above species, but more 

 slender. Diameter 1.5 microns. Grows 

 on cow manure extract agar and yeast- 

 extract agar at pH 7.8 to 8.0. From fresh 

 cow manure. 



3. Caryophanon muelleri comb. nov. 

 {Simonsiella muelleri Simons, Cent. f. 

 Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 88, 1922, 50.) Non- 

 motile. Found on mucous membrane of 

 oral cavity of healthy humans, 3.0 to 4.5 

 by 10.0 microns. 



4. Caryophanon crasse comb. nov. 

 {Simo7isietla crassa Simons, loc. cit., 

 509.) X'on-motile. Found on mucous 

 membrane of domestic animals. 



5. Caryophanon filiformis comb. nov. 

 (Simonsiella filiformis Simons, loc. cit., 

 509.) Long filaments from mucous mem- 

 brane of oral cavity of domestic animals. 



