1014 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



milky white. Colonies are depressed in 

 medium. 



Gelatin is liquefied in 4 days. 



Glucose, lactose, maltose, sucrose, 

 pectin, starch, cellulose dextrin and 

 hemicellulose are utilized. Very scant 

 growth on cellulose may be found on first 

 isolation. 



Yeast extract, ammonium nitrate and 

 peptone are suitable nitrogen sources. 



Indole not formed. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



No visible change in litmus milk. 



Highly aerobic. 



Optimum temperature 25° to 30°C. 



Source: Isolated from soil. 



Habitat: Soil. Decomposes organic 

 matter. 



7. Cytophaga albogilva Fuller and 

 Norman. (Jour. Bact., It5, 1943, 566.) 



Etymology: Latin albus, white, and 

 gilvus, pale yellow. 



Long fiexuous rods with pointed ends, 

 0.3 to 0.5 by 4.5 to 7.5 microns, arranged 

 singly. Creeping motility on solid sur- 

 faces. Gram-negative. 



Growth on starch agar is cream to pale 

 yellow. Colonies are small, concave, and 

 irregulary round. Edge is entire and 

 irregular. 



Growth on cellulose dextrin agar is 

 restricted. Colonies are pin-point, 

 milky white in color, round and concave. 



Gelatin is liquefied in 7 days. 



Glucose, galactose, lactose, maltose, 

 sucrose, gum arable, pectin, starch, 

 cellulose dextrin and hemicellulose are 

 utilized. Very scant growth on cellulose 

 may be found on first isolation. 



Ammonia, nitrate and peptone are 

 suitable nitrogen sources. 



Indole not formed. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



No visible change in litmus milk. 



Highly aerobic. 



Optimum temperature 22° to 30 °C. 



Source: Isolated from soil. 



Habitat: Soil. Decomposes organic 

 matter. 



8. Cytophaga krzemieniewskae 



Stanier. (Incorrectly spelled Cytophaga 

 krzemieniewskii in Stanier, Jour. Bact., 

 40, 1940, 623; Jour. Bact., 42, 1941, 532.) 



Etymology: Named for H. Krzemien- 

 iewska. 



Long, flexible rods, usually of even 

 width with blunt ends, occasionally 

 somewhat pointed and spindle-shaped, 

 0.5 to 1.5 by 5 to 20 microns. Star- 

 shaped aggregates occur in liquid media. 

 Creeping motility on solid surfaces, 

 non-motile in liquids. 



Growth on a sea water-peptone agar 

 plate begins as a smooth, thin, pale pink, 

 rapidly spreading swarm. After a few 

 days, the older portions of the swarm 

 assume a warty appearance due to the 

 accumulation of cells in drop-like masses, 

 resembling immature fruiting bodies but 

 always containing normal vegetative cells. 

 A diffusible brown to black pigment 

 which masks the pink color of the swarm 

 is produced after about a week. Agar is 

 rapidly decomposed, and ultimately 

 liquefaction becomes almost complete. 



Sea water-gelatin stab : Liquefaction. 



Growth in liquid media is turbid and 

 silky with a pink sediment; the medium 

 turns dark brown or black after 1 or 2 

 weeks. 



Xylose, glucose, galactose, lactose, 

 maltose, cellobiose, cellulose, alginic 

 acid, agar and starch are utilized, but not 

 arabinose, sucrose and chitin. 



Yeast extract and peptone are the only 

 suitable nitrogen sources known. 



Wealdy catalase positive. 



Indole not formed. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced. 



Salt concentration range: 1.5 to 5.0 

 per cent. 



Strictly aerobic. 



Optimum temperature 22° to 25°C. 



Source : Isolated from sea water. 



Habitat: Sea water. Probably on 

 decaying marine vegetation. 



