1078 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



Morphologically indistinguishable from 

 Leptospira icterohaernorrhagiae. 



Cultivation : Same as Leptospira ictero- 

 haernorrhagiae. 



Immunology : Some cross-reaction with 

 Leptospira icterohaernorrhagiae, but spe- 

 cific in higher dilutions of immune serum. 



Source : From blood of dogs. 



Habitat: A natural parasite of dogs. 

 Causes a chronic disease of old dogs char- 

 acterized by uremia, not jaundice. Fatal 

 in 80 per cent of those infected. No 

 intermediate host known. Probably 

 transmitted by direct contact; possibly 

 by healthy carriers. 



Appendix: The species listed below are 

 inadequately described and may be iden- 

 tical with those described in full. 



Leptospira aqueductum (sic) Ford. 

 {Spirochaeta pseudoicterogenes aquaeduc- 

 tuum Uhlenhuth and Zuelzer, Cent. f. 

 Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 85, 1921, *150; 

 Ford, Textb. of Bact., 1927, 998.) From 

 fresh water of aqueducts. Probably a 

 synonym of Leptospira biflexa. 



Leptospira asthenoalgiae Carbo-Noboa. 

 (Bull. Inst. Past., ^;?, 1924, 898.) From 

 blood, urine and organs of persons having 

 dengue. 



Leptospira autumnalis Topley and Wil- 

 son. (Akiyami Type A, Koshina, Shiwo- 

 zawaand Kitayama, Japan. Med. Wld., 4, 



1924, 268; see also Jour. Exp. Med., ^2, 



1925, 873; Topley and Wilson, Princip. 

 Bact. and Immun., 1st ed., 2, 1931, 1202; 

 Spirochaeta autumnalis A, quoted from 

 Hindle, Med. Res. Council Syst. of Bact., 

 8, 1931, 312; Spirochaeta autumnalis Hin- 

 dle, ibid.) The cause of akiyami or har- 

 vest sickness in Japan. May be identical 

 with Leptospira icterohaernorrhagiae. 



Leptospira bataviae. (1925, quoted 

 from Gispen and Schiiffner, Cent. f. 

 Bakt., I Abt., Orig., lU, 1939, 427.) 

 From a case of fever in the Dutch East 

 Indies. Probably a synonym of Lepto- 

 spira hebdomadis. 



Leptospira biliohemoglobinuriae (Blan- 

 chard and Lefrou) Noguchi. {Spiro- 

 chaeta bilio-hemoglobinuriae Blanchard 



and Lefrou, Compt. rend. Acad. Sci., 

 Paris, 175, 1922, 002; Noguchi, in Jordan 

 and Falk, Newer Knowledge Bact. and 

 Immun., 1928,490.) From cases of black- 

 water fever. 



Leptospira bonariensis Savino and 

 Rennella. (Rev. Inst. Bact. "Dr. Car- 

 los G. Malbram", 12, 1944, 182.) From 

 gray rats. 



Leptospira bovis Noguchi. (New York 

 State Med. Jour., 22, 1922, 426.) From 

 the gastric mucosa of the ox. 



Leptospira couvyi Gomes de Faria. 

 (Compt. rend. Soc. Biol., Paris, 90, 1924, 

 55; Spirochaeta couvyi Hindle, Med. Res. 

 Council Syst. of Bact., 8, 1931, 317.) 

 From the blood of persons having dengue. 



Leptospira dentate Perrin. (Rev. Mex. 

 de Biol., 2, 1922, 171.) Found in the pus 

 of bucco-maxillary gangrene. 



Leptospira grippo-typhosa Topley and 

 Wilson. (Topley and Wilson, Princip. 

 Bact. and Immun., 2nd ed., 1936, 728; 

 Spirochaeta dmitrovi Rimpau, Schloss- 

 berger and Kathe, Cent, f . Bakt., I Abt., 

 Orig., HI, 1938, 320.) The cause of 

 swamp fever in Europe. Probably syn- 

 onymous with Leptospira hebdomadis. 

 Also see Baschenin, Cent. f. Bakt., I 

 Abt., Orig., 113, 1929, 438 and 450; Dinger 

 and Verschaffelt, Ann. Inst. Past., ^5, 



1930, 396. 



Leptospira haemoglobinuriae Schiiffner. 

 (Geneesk. Tijdschr. Ned. Indie, 58, 1918, 

 352; Spirochaeta haemoglobinuriae Hin- 

 dle, Med. Res. Council Syst. of Bact., 8, 



1931 , 314. ) From the blood of a Javanese 

 patient suffering from an attack of black- 

 water fever. 



Leptospira icterohemoglobinuriae 



Schiiffner. (Schiiffner, Geneesk. Tijd- 

 schr. V. Ned. Indie, 58, 1918, 352, accord- 

 ing to Pettit, Contribution k I'Etude des 

 Spirochetid^s, Vanves, II, 1928; Spiro- 

 chaeta icterohemoglobinuriae Schiiffner, 

 Mededeel. Burgerl. Geneesk. Dienst in 

 Nederl. Indie, 58, 1918, 7 (according to 

 Blanchard and Lefrou, Compt. i-end. 

 Acad. Sci., Paris, 175, 1922, 602) ; Trepo- 

 nema icterohemoglobinuriae Brumpt, 



