1116 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



1. Miyagawanella lymphogranuloma- 

 tis Brumpt.(Biumpt, Ann. de Parasit., 

 16, 1938, 153; Ehrlichia lymphogranulo- 

 matosis Maui'o, (Reference not found.) 

 Named for the disease, lymphogranu- 

 loma. 



Ooccoid bodies : Small microorganisms 

 200 to 350 millimicrons in diameter form 

 the elementary bodies. Initial bodies 

 up to 1 micron and plaques up to 10 

 microns also found. All larger forms 

 encapsulated with a substance derived 

 either from the agent or from the cyto- 

 plasm of parasitized cells. Elementary 

 body is the basic unit. Paired forms or 

 clusters occur. Gram-negative. Stain 

 with aniline dyes, purple with the Giemsa 

 stain and red or blue, depending on 

 metabolic state, with the Macchiavello 

 stain. Matrix of the plaque does not give 

 the reaction for glycogen. Non-motile. 



Filterability : Passes through Chamb- 

 erland Lo and L3, Berkefeld V and N and 

 sometimes through Seitz EK filters. 



Cultivation : In plasma tissue cultures 

 of mammalian cells, in mammalian cells 

 on agar, in the chorio-allantoic membrane 

 or particularly in the yolk sac of the 

 chicken embryo but has not been culti- 

 vated in the allantoic sac. Optimum 

 temperature 37°C in tissue cultures, 

 35°C in the chicken embryo. 



Immunological aspects : Has one or 

 more antigens in common with or closely 

 resembling one or more present in the 

 chlamydozoa and other miyagawanellae . 

 Antisera against any of these two genera 

 react with antigens from Miyagawanella 

 lymphogranulomatis or the other miya- 

 gawanellae thus far tested. One com- 

 mon antigen has been isolated as a soluble 

 fraction distinct from the bodies of the 

 agent. Distinguished sharply from the 

 other miyagawanellae by antitoxic neu- 

 tralization of toxic factor or by neutra- 

 lization of infections in mice with chicken 

 antisera. Evidence exists that these 



two serological reactions are with dis- 

 tinct specific antigens. Immunity in 

 man or animals is probably poor in the 

 absence of continuing apparent or inap- 

 parent infection. 



Toxic factor: Infected yolk sac or 

 yolk injected intravenously or intra- 

 traperitoneally is rapidly fatal to mice. 

 Produces characteristic lesions on the 

 skin of normal guinea pigs. 



Pathogenicity : Pathogenic for man, 

 apes, monkeys, guinea pigs, cotton rats, 

 hamsters, mice, chicken embryos. In- 

 apparent infections may occur with the 

 agent harbored in the organs. Causes 

 local genital lesions, septicemia, lymphad- 

 enitis, meningitis, ophthalmitis and 

 rarely pneumonitis in man. 



Tissue tropisms : In laboratory rodents 

 this species is infective by the intra- 

 nasal (pneumonitis), the intracerebral 

 (meningitis) and the intradermal routes. 



Chemotherapy : Susceptible to rela- 

 tively high concentrations of penicillin, 

 to the sulfonamides and to some anti- 

 mony compounds. 



Source : Most commonly the genital 

 secretions of infected individual or the 

 draining lymph nodes. Also occasionally 

 in blood, spinal fluid and ocular secre- 

 tions. 



Habitat : The etiological agent of 

 lymphogranuloma venereum, lympho- 

 granuloma inguinale, climatic bubo, es- 

 thiomene and some forms of anorectal 

 inflanunation . 



2. Miyagawanella psittacii (Lillie) 

 Aloshkovsky. (Rickettsia psittaci Lillie, 

 Publ. Health Repts., 45, 1930, 773; 

 Microbacterium multiforme psittacosis 

 Levinthal,* 1st Cong, internat. de Mi- 

 crobiol., 1, 1930, 523; Moshkovsky, 

 Uspekhi Souremennoi Biologii (Russian) 

 (Advances in Modern Biology), 19, 1945, 

 12; Ehrlichia psittaci Moshkovsky, ibid., 

 19.) From Psittaci, an order of birds. 



* This is the type species of the genus Microbacterium Levinthal which is invalid 

 because of the earlier Microbacterium Orla-Jensen, 1919, see p. 370. 



