FAMILY PHAGACEAE 



1131 



39. Fhagus durabilia. 



40. Phagus liber. 



VIII. Bacteriophages attacking vibrios. 



41. Phagus cholerae. 



42. Phagus celer. 



43. Phagus effrenus. 



44. Phagus lentus. 



IX. Bacteriophages attacking Corynebacterium diphthertae Lehmann and Neu- 

 mann. 



45. Phagus diphtheriae. 



46. Phagus futilis. 



1. Phagus minimus Holmes. (Handb. 

 Phytopath. Viruses, 1939, 141.) From 

 Latin minimus, least, in reference to size. 



Common name : Bacteriophage S13. 



Hosts : Escherichia coli Castellani and 

 Chalmers ; Shigella dysenteriae Castellani 

 and Chalmers. 



Induced disease : On plate cultures that 

 are uniformly covered with confluent 

 colonies of host organisms, this bacterio- 

 phage produces large cleared plaques, 8 

 to 12 mm in diameter, with wide shelving 

 edges. 



Serological relationships : Xo cross- 

 neutralization reactions with bacterio- 

 phages C13, C36, Do, D20, C18, D3, S8, 

 C21, C16, andD6. 



Immunological relationships : Member 

 of Resistance Group I. 



Other properties : Particle size 8 to 12 

 millimicrons. Xot affected by 26.3 per 

 cent urea solution. Little or no inactiva- 

 tion by 1 : 25,000 methylene blue in 2 mm 

 layer 20 cm from 100 candle-power light 

 for 30 minutes. Lysis completely in- 

 hibited by 0.25 per cent solution of 

 sodium citrate. 



Literature : Burnet and Mclvie, Jour. 

 Path, and Bact., 36, 1933, 299-306, 307- 

 318; 37, 1933, 179-184; Burnet et al., 

 Austral. Jour. Exp. Biol, and Med. Sci., 

 15, 1937, 227-368. 



2. Phagus minor H. {loc. cit., 141). 

 From Latin minor, lesser. 



Common names : Bacteriophage C13, 

 C8, and D44. 



Hosts : Escherichia coli Castellani and 

 Chalmers ; Shigella dysenteriae Castellani 

 and Chalmers. 



Induced disease: Large placjues, 8 to 

 12 mm in diameter, with wide shelving 

 edges. 



Serological relationships : Cross reac- 

 tions with bacteriophages C8 and D44 

 but not with bacteriophages S13, C36, D5, 

 D20, D13, C18, D3, S8, C21, C16, D6. 



Immunological relationships : Member 

 of Resistance Group I. 



Other properties : Particle size, 15 to 20 

 millimicrons. Completely inactivated 

 by 1 : 25 ,000 methylene blue in 2 mm layer 

 20 cm from 100 candle-power light for 30 

 minutes. Specific soluble substance 

 formed in lysed cultures blocks phage- 

 antiphage reaction. 



Literature: Burnet, Jour. Path, and 

 Bact., 36, 1933, 307-318; Brit. Jour. Exp. 

 Path., i4, 1933, 100-108. 



3. Phagus parvus H. {loc. cit., 142). 

 From Latin parvus, small. 



Common names : Bacteriophage C36, 

 S18, C38, M, and C37 of Burnet. 



Hosts : Escherichia coli Castellani and 

 Chalmers ; Shigella dysenteriae Castellani 

 and Chalmers. 



Induced disease : Moderately large 

 plaques, 2 to 6 mm in diameter, with 

 distinct halo. 



