FAMILY PHAGACEAE 



1135 



II Abt., 67, 1926, 236-242; 71, 1927, 302- 

 311 ; 79, 1929, 354-370; Kent, Phytopath., 

 27, 1937, 871-902; Muncie and Patel, 

 Phytopath., 20, 1930, 289-305. 



14. Phagus solanacearum H. {loc. cit., 

 148). From name of host. 



Common name : Pseudomonas solanace- 

 arum bacteriophage. 



Host : Pseudomonas solanacearum 

 Smith. 



Geographical distribution : Formosa 

 (Taiwan). 



Induced disease : Medium size plaques 

 on plate cultures of Pseudomonas sola- 

 nacearum. 



Serological relationships : When in- 

 jected into rabbits, this bacteriophage 

 stimulates the production of a specific 

 precipitating antibody not giving cross 

 reactions with anti-bacterial antibodies. 

 Antiphagic serum inactivated at 90° C 

 in 10 minutes. 



Thermal inactivation: At 63° C in 10 

 minutes (61° C in 30 minutes; 66° C in 

 about 1 minute). 



Other properties : Optimum tempera- 

 ture for increase, 34° C. 



Literature: Matsumoto and Okabe, 

 Jour. Plant Prot., 22, 1935, 15-20; Jour. 

 Soc. Trop. Agr., 7, 1935, 130-139; .9, 1937, 

 205-213. 



15. Phagus citri H. {loc. cit., 149). 

 From name of host. 



Common name : Xanthomonas citri 

 bacteriophage. 



Host : Xanthomonas citri Dowson, the 

 citrus canker organism. 



Geographical distribution : Formosa 

 (Taiwan). 



Induced disease: Lysis. This bac- 

 teriophage has been isolated from soil 

 under diseased trees, and once from 

 infected leaves. It may play a role in 

 the destruction of the citrus canker 

 organism in the soil. 



Other properties : Optimum tempera- 

 ture for increase, 30° C. 



Literature : Matsumoto and Okabe, 



Agriculture and Horticulture, 12, 1937, 

 2055-2059. 



16. Phagus pruni H. (loc. cit., 151). 

 From name of host. 



Common name : Xanthomonas pruni 

 bacteriophage. 



Host : Xanthomonas pruni Dowson. 



Geographical distribution : United 

 States (from soil beneath infected peach 

 trees). 



Induced disease : Lysis in broth cul- 

 tures; plaques on agar cultures, but 

 characteristics of plaques not described. 



Other properties : Estimated diameter 

 11 millimicrons in broth. Resists dilu- 

 tion to 1 :10® or more. 



Literature: Anderson, Phytopath., 18, 

 1928, 144; Thornberry, ibid., 25, 1935, 

 938-946. 



17. Phagus deformans H. {loc. cit., 

 151 ) . From Latin deformare, to disfigure, 

 in reference to malformation of infected 

 host cells. 



Common name : Erwinia carotovora 

 bacteriophage . 



Host : Erxoinia carotovora Holland. 



Insusceptible species : Agrobacterium 

 tumefaciens Conn, e.xcept in some early 

 tests with possibly mixed bacteriophages ; 

 Erwinia amylovora Winslow et al., E. 

 melonis Holland, Salmonella pullorum 

 Bergery et al., *S. gallinarum Bergey et 

 al.. Shigella dysenteriae Castellani and 

 Chalmers, Xanthomonas pruni Dowson. 



Geographical distribution : United 

 States (Michigan). 



Induced disease: In Erwinia caroto- 

 vora, cells reduced in motility, agglu- 

 tinated, malformed, some elongated, 

 others swollen, bulged at one end, bulged 

 in middle, or enlarged and spherical. 



Other properties : Resists dilution 

 to 1:10% and storage in sterile medium 

 at room temperature for 5| months. 



Literature : Coons and Kotila, Phyto- 

 path., 15, 1925, 357-370; Mallmann and 

 Hemstreet, Jour. Agr. Res., 28, 1924, 

 599-602. 



