1142 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



and McKie, Austral. Jour. Exp. Biol, and 



Med. Sci., 6, 1929,21-31. 



39. Phagus durabilis H. (loc. cit., 162). 

 From Latin durabilis, lasting, in refer- 

 ence to the stability of this bacteriophage 

 in concentrated urea solution and other 

 unfavorable media. 



Common name : Staphylococcus bac- 

 teriophage C. 



Host : Staphylococcus albus Rosenbach. 



Geographical distribution : Australia. 



Induced disease : Plaques 2.0 to 3.0 mm 

 in diameter. Vitreous change in pe- 

 ripheral zone. 



Serological relationships : Cross-neu- 

 tralization reaction with staphylococcus 

 bacteriophage C, and less strongly with 

 B, but not with Au2 or A. 



Immunological relationships : Colonies 

 of Staphylococcus albvs appearing after 

 lysis with this bacteriophage furnish or- 

 ganisms resistant to it but susceptible to 

 staphylococcus bacteriophages A, B, 

 and D. 



Thermal inactivation : At 61° to 63° C 

 in 30 minutes. 



Other properties : Not readily inacti- 

 vated photodynamically ; not completely 

 inactivated by 27 per cent urea solution in 

 1 hour at 37° C ; lysis not inhibited even 

 by 1.5 per cent sodium citrate in agar 

 medium. 



Literature: Burnet and Lush, Jour. 

 Path, and Bad., 40, 1935, 455-469 ; Burnet 

 and McKie, Austral. Jour. Exp. Biol, and 

 Med. Sci., 6, 1929, 21-31 ; Rakieten et al., 

 Jour. Bad., 32, 1936, 505-518. 



40. Phagus liber H. {loc. cit., 163). 

 From Latin liber, independent, in refer- 

 ence to demonstrated independence of 

 this virus, its bacterial host, and its dip- 

 terous superhost, in respect to origin. 



Common name : Staphylococcus muscae 

 bacteriophage. 



Host : Staphylococcus muscae Glaser. 



Geographical distribution: United 

 States. 



Induced disease : Lysis in broth cul- 



tures ; plaques in agar cultures, but char- 

 acteristics of plaques not recorded. 



Thermal inactivation : At a little above 

 50° C in 5 minutes. 



Other properties : A characteristic 

 nucleoprotein has been isolated from 

 lysed staphylococci. Sedimentation con- 

 stant, 650 X 10-1' cm dyne-i sec.-i, 

 corresponding to a molecular weight of 

 about 300,000,000. Denatured at acidi- 

 t ies beyond pH 5.0. Digested by chymo- 

 trypsin, not by trypsin. Apparent den- 

 sity, about 1.20. Diffusion coefficient, 

 varying with dilution. 



Literature : Glaser, Amer. Jour. Hy- 

 giene, 27, 1938, 311-315; Northrop, Jour. 

 Gen. Physiol., 21, 1938, 335-366; Shope, 

 Jour. Exp. Med., 45, 1927, 1037-1044; 

 Wyckoff, Jour. Gen. Physiol., 21, 1938, 

 367-373. 



41. Phagus cholerae H. {loc. cit., 164). 

 From former name of host. 



Common name : Vibrio comma bacterio- 

 phage. 



Host: Vibrio comma Winslow et al. 

 (formerly V. cholerae Neisser) ; Indian 

 strains usually carry this bacteriophage, 

 but Chinese and Japanese strains lack it, 

 are susceptible, and upon inoculation be- 

 come lysogenic. 



Geographical distribution : India. 



Induced disease : In both R and S 

 forms of Vibrio comma, no plaques on 

 ordinary agar plates, but vibrios become 

 l3^sogenic. Egg-white in 1:25 dilution 

 enhances activity enough to allow visible 

 lysis, occasional plaques, or stippling at 

 the site of inoculation. 



Immunological relationships : Vibrio 

 comma organisms that have been infected 

 with this bacteriophage and are resistant 

 to its further action are still susceptible 

 to cholera bacteriophages A, C, and D. 



Literature: White, Jour. Path, and 

 Bact.,.^.^, 1937,276-278. 



42. Phagus celer H. {loc. cit., 164). 

 From Latin celer, quick, in reference to 

 relatively quick action of this bacterio- 

 phage. 



