FAMILY PHAGACEAE 



1143 



Common name: Cholera bacterio- 

 phage A. 



Host: Vibrio comma Winslow et al., 

 smooth types, except non-agglutinable 

 vibrios. 



Geographical distribution: India. 



Induced disease : Lj^sis in 2 hours, fol- 

 lowed by abundant secondary growth. 

 Onlj' smooth elements of the culture are 

 attacked. 



Serological relationships : Antigenicallj' 

 distinct from cholera bacteriophage C. 



Immunological relationships : Second- 

 ary growth resistant to this virus, but 

 susceptible to cholera bacteriophages C 

 and D. 



Other properties: Selective]}^ inacti- 

 vated by specific polysaccharide of 

 smooth strains, not by a lipoid emulsion 

 that is effective against cholera bacterio- 

 phage C. Active in dilution of 1:10" or 

 1:10'". Multiplication rate, n X 10^ 

 in 2 hours. 



Literature: Asheshov et al., Indian 

 Jour. Med. Res., 20, 1933, 1127-1157; 

 White, Jour. Path, and Bact., 43, 1936, 

 591-593. 



43. Phagus effrenus H. {loc. cit., 165). 

 From Latin effrenus, unbridled, in refer- 

 ence to the ability of this bacteriophage 

 to attack all tested strains of the cholera 

 organism. 



Common name : Cholera bacterio- 

 phage C . 



Host : Vibrio comma Winslow et al., all 

 strains. 



Geographical distribution: India. 



Induced disease : Sometimes death 

 without lysis. When lysis occurs, it is 

 rarely complete and is followed by sec- 

 ondary resistant growth. 



Serological relationships : Antigenically 

 distinct from cholera bacteriophage A. 



Immunological relationships : Second- 

 ary growth resistant to this bacterio- 

 phage, but susceptible to cholera bac- 

 teriophages A and D. 



Other properties : Selectively inacti- 

 vated by lipoid from smooth strain of 

 host, but not by specific polysaccharide. 



Active in dilution of 1:10' or 1:10^". 

 Multiplication rate, n X 10^ in 2 hours. 

 Literature: Asheshov et al., Indian 

 Jour. Med. Res., 20, 1933, 1127-1157; 

 White, Jour. Path, and Bact., 43, 1936, 

 591-593. 



44. Phagus lentus H. (loc. cit., 166). 

 From Latin lentus, slow, in reference to 

 the relatively slow and incomplete lysis 

 induced by this bacteriophage. 



Common name : Cholera bacterio- 

 phage D. 



Host : Vibrio comma Winslow et al . 



Geographical distribution : India. 



Induced disease : Incomplete lysis in 

 about 5 hours, followed, in rough cultures, 

 by slow development of resistant sec- 

 ondary growth. 



Immunological relationships : Second- 

 ary growth resistant to this bacterio- 

 phage, but susceptible to cholera bac- 

 teriophages A and C. 



Other properties : Not inactivated by 

 specific polysaccharide effective against 

 cholera bacteriophage A, nor by lipoid 

 effective against cholera bacteriophage 

 C. Multiplication rate, n X 10^ in 2 

 hours. 



Literature: Asheshov et al., Indian 

 Jour. Med. Res., 20, 1933, 1127-1157; 

 White, Jour. Path, and Bact., 43, 1936, 

 591-593. 



45. Phagus diphtheriae H. {loc. cit., 

 167). From name of host. 



Common name : Corynebacierium diph- 

 theriae bacteriophage. 



Host : Corynebacterium diphtheriae 

 Lehmann and Neumann, many strains, 

 especially 122 of 127 Australian type II 

 gravis isolates; type I gravis isolates are 

 Ij^sogenic (carriers) ; all intermediate iso- 

 lates are susceptible. 



Insusceptible species : Corynebacterium 

 diphtheriae, all tested mitis isolates, ex- 

 cept 2 lysogenic. A strain of C. diph- 

 theriae from Swan Hill, 200 miles north 

 of Melbourne, was found to be resistant 

 to this bacteriophage and to the small- 



