1176 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



1937, 903-912; Dykstra, Phytopath., 29, 

 1939, 917-933.) 



12. Marmor umbelliferarum H. {loc. 

 cit.,&7). From New Latin Umbelliferae, 

 family name of plants among which celery 

 is classified. 



Common name : Celery -mosaic ^irus, 

 western celery -mosaic virus. 



Hosts : UMBELLIFERAE— A-pium 

 graveolens L., celery and celeriac ; Daucns 

 carota L., carrot. Experimentally, also 

 Aneihum graveolens L., dill; Anthriscxm 

 cerefolium (L.) Hoffm., salad chervil; 

 Carum carvi L., caraway; Coriandrum 

 sativvm L., coriander; Pitroselinnm hor- 

 tense Hoffm., parsley. 



Insusceptible species: Cucumis satimts 

 L., cucumber, and all other tested species 

 not of the family Umbelliferae. 



Geographical distribution: United 

 States (California). 



Induced disease : In celery, at first, 

 clearing of veins in young leaves; later, 

 foliage yellowed, plmt stunted, young 

 petioles shortened, older petioles hori- 

 zontal, giving plant a flat appearance. 

 Foliage mottled green and yellow ; leaflets 

 narrow, twisted or cupped; older leaves 

 with some necrosis; petioles with white 

 streaks or spots. In celeriac, clearing of 

 veins, followed by systemic chlorotic 

 mottling. In carrot, chlorotic spotting 

 of young leaves, followed by systemic 

 chlorotic mottling. 



Transmission : Bj' inoculation of ex- 

 pressed juice, in dilutions to 1:4000. 

 No specific insect vector is known, but 11 

 species of aphids capable of breeding on 

 celery transmit the virus, though they do 

 not long retain the power of transmission 

 after leaving diseased plants. These vec- 

 tors are Aphis apigraveolens Essig, A. 

 apii Theob., A. fcrriiginea-striata Essig, 

 A. (jossypii Glov., A. rniddlcionii Tho- 

 mas, A. ramicis Linn., CavarieUa cap- 

 reae (Fabr.), Myzufi circnynflcxu-'^ 

 (Buckt.), .1/. convolvuli (Kalt.), M. per- 

 sicae (Sulz.), Rhopalosiphvm mclliferuin 

 (Hottes) (APHIDIDAE). Some 



aphids not able to breed on celery also 

 transmit this virus. 



Thermal inactivation : At 55 to 60° C 

 in 10 minutes. 



Filterability : Passes all grades of 

 Chamberland filters. 



Other properties : Virus active after 

 storage at —18° C for 18 months. 



Literature : Severin and Freitag, Hil- 

 gardia,^^, 1938, 493-558. 



13. Marmor cruciferarum H. (loc. oil., 

 69). From New Latin Cruciferae, family 

 name of plants among which cauliflower 

 is classified. 



Common name : Cauliflower-mosaic 

 virus. 



Hosts: CRUCIFERAE — Brassica ol- 

 eracea L., cauliflower, kale, Brussels 

 sprouts, cabbage, and broccoli; B. cam- 

 pestris L., wild yellow mustard; Mat- 

 thiola incana R. Br., annual stock. Ex- 

 perimentally, also Brassica adpressa 

 Boiss; B. alba Rabenh., white mustard; 

 B. arvensis (L.) Ktze., charlock; B. 

 juncea Coss., leaf mustard (one strain not 

 susceptible); B. napus L., rape; B. pe- 

 isai Bailey, pe-tsai ; B. nigra Koch, black 

 mustard; B. rapa L., turnip; Capsella 

 bursa-pastoris Medic, shepherd's purse; 

 Iberis amara L., rocket candytuft; Lepi- 

 dium sativum L., garden cress; Lxinaria 

 annua L., honesty; Raphanns raphanis- 

 trum L., white charlock; R. saiivvs L., 

 radish. 



Insusceptible species : CHENOPODI- 

 ACE AE—Spinacia oleracea L. COM- 

 POS IT AE—Lactuca saliva L. CR UCI- 

 FERAE — Alyssinn saxatile L.; A. 

 maritimum Lam.; Arabis albida Stev.; 

 Athysanus pusillus Greene; Brassica 

 juncea Coss. (Japanese strain; another 

 strain susceptible); Cheiranthus cheiri 

 L.; Erysivnivi perojsldanum Fisch. and 

 Mey. ; Hespcris malronalis L. ; Malcomia 

 mariiima R. Br. ; Roripa nasturtium 

 liushy ; Stanleya pinnata (Pursh.) Britt.; 

 Thysanocarpus radians Benth. LEGU- 

 MINOSAE—Vicia faba L. SOLAN A- 

 CEAE — Capsicum Jrutcsccns L. ; Lycoper- 



