FAMILY MARMORACEAE 



1183 



257; 31, 1941, 838-843; Brierley and Doo- 

 little, ibid., 30, 1940, 171-174; Cayley, 

 Ann. Appl. Biol., 15, 1928, 529-539; 19, 

 1932, 153-172; Guterman, Hort. Soc. N. 

 Y., Yearbk., 1930, 51-102; Hall, Gard. 

 Chron., 93, 1933, 330-331; Hughes, Ann. 

 Appl. Biol,. 21, 1934, 112-119; McKay 

 and Warner, Nat. Hort. Mag., 12, 1933, 

 179-216; McWhorter, Phytopath., 25, 

 1935, 898 (Abst.); Science, 86, 1937, 179; 

 Ann. Appl. Biol., 25, 1938, 254-270; 

 Science, 88, 1938, 411; Ogilvie and 

 Guterman, Phytopath., 19, 1929, 311-315. 



24. Manner iridis H. (loc. cit., 55). 

 From New Latin Iris, generic name of 

 iris. 



Common name : Iris-mosaic virus. 



Hosts: IRIDACEAE—Iris filifolia 

 Boiss., I. tingitana Boiss. and Reut., and 

 I.xiphiuyn L., bulbous irises ; Iris ricardi 

 Hort.; /. ungnicularis Poir.; bearded 

 iris, variety William Mohr. 



Insusceptible species: SOLAN A- 

 CEAE — Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., 

 tomato; Nicotiana tabacum L., tobacco; 

 Petunia hybrida Vilm., petunia. LILIA- 

 CEAE — Tiilipa gesneriana L., tulip. 



Geographical distribution : United 

 States (Washington, Oregon, California), 

 Holland, Bulgaria, France, England. 



Induced disease : In bulbous irises, 

 dwarfing of plant, chlorotic mottling of 

 foliage, breaking of flowers. Rate of 

 increase in planting stock decreased. 

 Flower breaks usually darker than normal 

 color of flower. Vacuolate intracellular 

 bodies in some affected tissues. 



Transmission : By injection of freshly 

 extracted juice of diseased plants into 

 internodal tissue. By aphids, Macro- 

 siphum (= Illinoia) solanifolii Ashm. 

 and Myzus persicae (Sulz.) (APHIDI- 

 DAE). 



Literature : Brierley and McWhorter, 

 Jour. Agr. Res., 53, 1936, 621-635. 



25. Marmor sacchari H. {loc. cit., 60). 

 From New Latin Saccharum, generic 



name of sugar cane, from Latin sac- 

 charum, sugar. 



Common name : Sugar-cane mosaic 

 virus. 



Hosts : GRAM I NEAE— Saccharum of- 

 ficinarum L., sugar cane ; Holcus sorghum 

 L., sorghum; H. sudanensis Bailey, 

 Sudan grass ; Brachiaria platyphylla 

 Nash ; Chaetochloa magna Scribn. ; C. ver- 

 ticillata Scribn. ; Paspalum boscianum 

 Fluegge ; Syntherisma sanguinale Dulae. 

 E.xperimentally, also Zea mays L., corn 

 (maize); Chaetochloa lutescens Stuntz ; 

 Echinochloa crusgalli Beauv. ; Miscanlhus 

 sinensis Anderss., eulalia; Panicum di- 

 chotomiflorum Michx.; Pennisetum glau- 

 cum R. Br., pearl millet; Saccharum 

 narenga Wall. 



Insusceptible species : All tested spe- 

 cies other than Gramineae. 



Geographical distribution : Originally 

 in Far East; now in nearly all countries 

 where sugar cane is grown; believed still 

 to be absent from Mauritius. 



Induced disease: In sugar cane, sys- 

 temic mottling chlorosis, light areas of 

 pattern elongated, but crossing veins. 

 Occasionally, stem cankers. Regularly, 

 discoloration and necrosis in mature inner 

 stalk tissues. Vacuolate intracellular 

 bodies occur in diseased tissues. Canes 

 sometimes recover, spontaneously losing 

 the virus and becoming susceptible to 

 reinfection. 



Transmission : By inoculation of ex- 

 pressed juice (puncture through inocu- 

 lum into young leaf). By aphids. Aphis 

 maidis Fitch, Carolinaia cyperi Ainslie, 

 Hysteroncura setariae (Thomas), and 

 Toxoptcra graminum Rond.; not by 

 Sipha flava Forbes (APHIDIDAE). 

 Not by Draeculacephala mollipcs (Say) 

 (CICADELLIDAE). 



Serological relationships: Specific neu- 

 tralizing and precipitating antibodies 

 have been demonstrated. 



Thermal inactivation : At 53 to 54° C in 

 10 minutes in leaf tissues. 



