FAMILY MARMORACEAE 



1191 



ner bean; Trifolium striahim L., striated 

 clover; T . subterraneuni L., subterranean 

 clover; Vicia faba L., broad bean. 

 PLANT AGIN ACE AE — Plantago 

 lanceolata L., plantain. SCROPHU- 

 LARIACEAE — Antirrhinum majus L. 

 SOLA NACEAE — Cyphomandra betacea 

 Sendt., tree tomato; Datura stramonium 

 L., Jimson weed; Nicotiana glauca R. 

 Grab.; N. rustica L., Turkestan tobacco; 

 N. tabacum L., tobacco; Physalis peru- 

 viana L., Cape gooseberry; Solanum 

 nigrum L. , black nightshade . TROPAE- 

 OLACEAE — Tropaeolum majus L., nas- 

 t urtium. UM BELLI FERAE—Apinm 

 graveolens L., celery. 



Geographical distribution: Xew Zea- 

 land. 



Induced disease : In the pea, stunting, 

 wilting of young leaves, purple or purple - 

 brown spotting on young leaves, dark 

 streak on stem. Near tip, stem may die. 

 Stem becomes brittle, tip bent to one 

 side. Pods maj' remain flat and turn 

 dark purple or purple -brown, or if already 

 formed may show purple or purple -brown 

 markings. Older leaves turn yellow, 

 then brown and shrivelled. Infected 

 plants usually die within two or three 

 weeks. In inoculated plants small brown 

 primary lesions, rapidly increasing in size 

 especially along veins, eventually involve 

 the whole leaf; petiole and stem streak 

 follows. Among garden peas, the varie- 

 ties Pride of the Market, Little IVIarvel, 

 Wm. Massey and Autocrat are little af- 

 fected; among field peas, the varieties 

 Unica and White Ivory are equally resis- 

 tant. In cucumber, experimentally, 

 numerous brown, necrotic local lesions, 

 each with light colored center and sur- 

 rounding light -yellow halo. In bean, 

 experimentally, local and systemic necro- 

 sis, stem streak, death of plant. 



Transmission: By inoculation of ex- 

 pressed juice, best with an abrasive pow- 

 der such as fine sand. Not by Myzus 

 persicae (Sulz.), Macrosiphum solani 

 (APHIDIDAE), nor Thrips tabaci 

 Lind. (THRIPIDAE). Xo insect vec- 

 tor is known. 



Thermal inactivation : At 78 to 80° C 

 in 10 minutes. 



Filterability : Passes ^Nlandler filters of 

 preliminarj^, regular, and fine grades. 



Other properties : Dilution end point 

 1:10*. Xot inactivated at room tem- 

 perature in 41 days. 



Literature: Chamberlain, Xew Zea- 

 land Jour. Science and Technology, 20, 

 1939, 365A-381A. 



39. Marmor efficiens Johnson. (Phy- 

 topath., 32, 1942, 114.) From Latin 

 efficiens, effective, in reference to ability 

 of this virus to cause mottling in all tested 

 varieties of pea in contrast with inability 

 of pea-wilt virus, a second constituent of 

 the complex earlier known as "white- 

 clover mosaic virus," to produce such 

 chlorotic symptoms in tested varieties 

 other than Alaska and Canada White. 



Common name : Pea-mottle virus. 



Host s : LEG UMINOSAE— Trifolium. 

 repens L., white clover; Pisum sativum 

 L., pea. Experimentally, also CARYO- 

 PHYLLACEAEStellaria media (L.) 

 Cyrill. CHENOPODIACEAE—Spin- 

 acia oleracea L., spinach. CUCURBI- 

 TACEAE^Cucumis sativus L. LE- 

 GUMINOSAE — Lathyrus odoratus L.; 

 Lens esculenta Moench.; Lupinus albus 

 L. ; L. hirsutus L. ; Medicago lupulina L. ; 

 M. saliva L., alfalfa (lucerne); Meliloius 

 alba Desr. ; Phaseolus aureus Roxb. ; P. 

 vulgaris L., bean; Trifolium hybridum 

 L. ; T. incarnalum L.; T. pratense L.; 

 Vicia faba L. ; V. sativa L. SCRO- 

 PH ULARI ACE AE— Antirrhinum ma- 

 jus L. 



Insusceptible species: CHEXOPODI- 

 ACEAE — Beta vulgaris L., sugar beet. 

 COM POS I T AE — Callistephus chinensis 

 X'ees; Lactuca sativa L.; Taraxacum offi- 

 cinale Weber; Zinnia elegans Jacq. 

 CRUCIFERAE—Barbarea vulgaris R. 

 Br. ; Brassica oleracea L. ; Raphanus 

 sativus L. GRAMINEAE — Zea mays 

 L. LEGUM I NOSAE— Glycine max 

 Merr.; Vigna sinensis (L.) Endl. LILI- 

 ACEAE — Lilium formosanum Stapf. 

 PLANT AGIN ACE AE — Plantago 



