1198 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



chlorotic bands surrounding discolored 

 areas on leaves. In Mazzard cherry, 

 dwarfing of whole plant, chlorotic bands 

 on leaves. 



Transmission : By budding, even in the 

 absence of survival of inserted buds. 



57. Marmor nerviclarens Zeller and 

 Evans. (Phytopath., 31, 1941, 467.) 

 From Latin nervus, sinew or nerve, and 

 clarere, to shine. 



Conamon name : Cherry vein -clearing 

 virus. 



Hosts : ROSACE AE — Primus avium 

 L., sweet cherry. Perhaps also P. serru- 

 lata Lindl. and P. domestica L., on which 

 symptoms similar to those induced by 

 this virus have been observed. 



Geographical distribution : United 

 States (Oregon, Washington). 



Induced disease : In sweet cherry, 

 clearing of veins throughout each leaf or 

 only in localized areas. Margins of leaves 

 irregular, most indented where clearing 

 of veins is most conspicuous. Elongated, 

 elliptic, or slot-like perforations occur in 

 some leaves. Affected leaves usually 

 narrow. Enations occur as small blis- 

 tered proliferations on lower side of main 

 veins. Upper leaf surface silvery by re- 

 flected light. By midsummer, leaves 

 droop and appear somewhat wilted ; they 

 may fold along the midvein. Internodes 

 short; increased number of buds, spurs, 

 or short branches at nodes ; resetting more 

 pronounced on some branches than on 

 others, mostly at end of year-old wood. 

 In advanced disease, fruits pointed, 

 small, flattened on suture side with swol- 

 len ridge along suture. Blossoms ab- 

 normally abundant, crop of fruit reduced 

 or wanting. 



Transmission : By grafting. Not dem- 

 onstrated by inoculation of expressed 

 juice. No insect vector is known. 



58. Marmor viticola H. (loc. cit., 83). 

 From Latin vitis, vine, and -cola, in- 

 habitant of. 



Common name : Vine -mosaic virus. 

 Host : VITACEAE—Viiis vinifera L., 

 grape . 



Geographical distribution : France, 

 Italy, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia. 



Induced disease : In grape, various 

 modifications of systemic chlorotic mot- 

 tling, and red pigmentation of parts of 

 leaves with subsequent drying and drop- 

 ping out of affected spots. Leaves de- 

 formed, crimped between main veins. 

 Growth restricted. 



Transmission : By inoculation of ex- 

 pressed juice and by pruning. 



Literature: Blattny, Vinafsky obzor., 

 25, 1931, 4-5 (Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 84, 

 1931, 464); Ochrana Rostlin, 13, 1933, 

 104-105 (Rev. Appl. Mycol., 13, 1934, 

 421) ; Gigante, Boll. Staz. Pat. Veg. Roma, 

 n. s. 17, 1937, 169-192 (Rev. Appl. Mycol., 

 17, 1938, 221) ; Pantanelli, Malpighia, 24, 

 1911, 497-523; ^5, 1912, 17-46; Stranak, II 

 Congr. Intern. Path. Comp. Paris, 1931, 

 367-378; Ochrana Rostlin, 11, 1931, 

 89-98 (Rev. Appl. Mycol., 11, 1932, 280) ; 

 Vielwerth, Ochrana Rostlin, 13, 1933, 

 83-90 (Rev. Appl. Mycol., 13, 1934, 

 421-422). 



59. Marmor santali H. {loc. cit., 94). 

 From New Latin, Santalum, generic name 

 of sandal. 



Common name : Sandal leaf -curl virus. 



Host : S AN TAL AC EAE— Santalum 

 album L., sandal. 



Geographical distribution : India. 



Induced disease: In sandal, leaves 

 small, curled, wrinkled, thickened, brit- 

 tle, abscissing. Systemic chlorotic mot- 

 tling. Internode length normal. In- 

 fected twigs produce both flowers and 

 fruits. 



Transmission : By ring bark-grafts. 

 Not by inoculation of expressed juice. 

 No insect vector is known. 



Literature : Venkata Rao, Mysore San- 

 dal Spike Invest. Comm., Bull. 3, 1933. 



60. Marmor secretum Bennett. (Phy- 

 topath., 34, 1944, 88). From Latin se- 

 cretus, hidden. 



Common name : Dodder latent-mosaic 

 virus. 



Hosts: CONVOLVULACEAE—Cus- 

 cuta californica Choisy, dodder. Experi- 



