FAMILY SAVOIACEAE 



1221 



FAMILY V. SAVOIACEAE HOLMES. 



(Handb. Phytopath. Viruses, 1939, 131.) 



Viruses of the Savoy-Disease Group, causing diseases characterized mainly by 

 crinkling of foliage. Vectors, true bugs (PIESMIDAE and MIRIDAE). There 

 is a single genus. 



Genus I. Savoia Holmes. 



{hoc. cit., 131.) 



Characters those of the family. Generic name from French chou de Savoie, cabbage 

 of Savoy, a cabbage with wrinkled and curled leaves. 

 The type species is Saroia betae Holmes. 



Key to the species of genus Savoia. 



I. Infecting beet. 



II. Infecting rape and rutabaga. 



1. Savoia betae Holmes. (Handb. 

 Phytopath. Viruses, 1939, 132.) From 

 Latin beta, beet. 



Common names : Beet-Krauselkrank- 

 heit virus, sugar-beet leaf-curl virus, 

 sugar-beet leaf -crinkle virus, Kopfsalat 

 virus. 



Host : CHE NOPODI ACE AE— Beta 

 vulgaris L., beet. 



Geographical distribution: Germany, 

 Poland. 



Induced disease: In beet, veins of 

 leaves swollen, retarded in growth, caus- 

 ing crinkling. New leaves remain small 

 and incurved, forming a compact head. 

 Old leaves die ; plant succumbs before 

 harvest time. Pre patent period in plant , 

 3 to 9 weeks. 



Transmission : By tingid bug, Piesma 

 quadrataYieh. (PIESMIDAE). Not by 

 inoculation of expressed juice. 



Literature : Wille, Arb. Biol. Reich- 

 sanst. Land- u. Forstw.; 16, 1928, 115-167. 



2. Savoia piesmae H. {lac. cit., 132). 

 From New Latin Piesma, generic name 

 of insect vector. 



Common name : Beet -savoy virus. 

 Host: CHENOPODI ACE AE— Beta 

 vulgaris L., beet. 



1. Savoia betae. 



2. Savoia piesmae.. 



3. Savoia napi. 



Geographical distribution : United 

 States (Michigan, Ohio, Minnesota, Ne- 

 braska, South Dakota, Colorado, Wyom- 

 ing) and Canada. 



Induced disease : In beet, leaves 

 dwarfed, curled down, small veins thick- 

 ened. Phloem necrosis in roots. Pro- 

 dromal period in plant, 3 to 4 weeks. 



Transmission : By tingid bug, Piesma 

 cinerea (PIESMIDAE). Not by inocu- 

 lation of expressed juice. 



Literature: Coons et al., Phytopath., 

 27, 1937, 125 (Abst.); Hildebrand and 

 Koch, ibid., 32, 1942, 328-331. 



3. Savoia napi H. (loc. cit., 133). 

 From New Latin Napus, former generic 

 name of rape, Brassica napus L. 



Common name : Rape -savoy virus. 



Hosts: CRUCIFERAE — Brassica na- 

 pus L., rape ; B. napobrassica Mill., ruta- 

 baga. 



Geographical distribution : Germany. 



Induced disease : In rape, twisting and 

 crinkling of young leaves ; premature 

 death of old leaves and of plants ; in sur- 

 viving plants, inhibition of growth in 

 spring. In rutabaga, mottling and crink- 

 ling of leaves, with formation of fissures 

 at leaf edges. Plants rarely killed. 



