FAMILY BORRELINACEAE 



1227 



inated foliage. Not through undamaged 

 skin. 



Filterability : Passes Berkefeld N, not 

 Pasteur-Chamberland F, filter. 



Literature : Chapman and Glaser, Jour. 

 Econ. Entomol., 8, 1915, 140-150; 9, 1916, 

 149-167; Glaser, Jour. Agr. Res., 4, 1915, 

 101-128; Science, 4S, 1918, 301-302; 

 Glaser and Chapman, Jour. Econ. En- 

 tomol., 6, 1913, 479-488. 



4. Borrelina brassicae Paillot. 

 (Compt. rend. Acad. Sci., Paris, 182, 

 1926, 182.) From name of host, Pier is 

 brassicae. 



Common name : Cabbage -worm grass - 

 erie virus. 



Host : PIERIDAE — Pieris brassicae 

 (L.), cabbage worm. 



Induced disease : In cabbage worm, no 

 nuclear or cytoplasmic inclusions; nuclei 

 of fat and hj^podermal cells hypertrophied 

 and soon disorganized. 



Transmission : By feeding. 



Other properties: Described as sub- 

 microscopic in size, intracytoplasmic. 



Literature : Paillot, loc. cit. ; Ann. Inst. 

 Pasteur, 40, 1926, 314-452; L'infection 

 chez les insectes. Immunite et sym- 

 biose, 535 pages, Trevoux, Patissier, 1933. 



5. Borrelina pieris Paillot. (Compt. 

 rend. Acad. Sci., Paris, 182, 1926, 182.) 

 From New Latin Pieris, generic name of 

 host. 



Common name : Virus of nuclear disease 

 of pierids. 



Host : PIERIDAE — Pieris brassicae 

 (L.), cabbage worm. 



Induced disease : In cabbage worm, 

 body yellowish below, tears easily just 

 before death; chromatin of nuclei in fat 

 and blood cells condensed in irregular 

 masses; cytoplasmic inclusions staining 

 faintly red in Giemsa preparations. 



Transmission : By feeding. 



Other properties : Described as intra- 

 cytoplasmic, less than 0.1 micron in di- 

 ameter. 



Literature : Paillot, loc. cit. ; Ann. Inst. 

 Pasteur, 40, 1926, 314-452; L'infection 

 chez les insectes. Immunite et sym- 

 biose, 535 pages, Trevoux, Patissier, 1933 . 



Appendix: Borrelina flacheriae quoted from Paillot, L'infection chez les insects. 

 535 pp., Trevoux, Patissier, 1935, see p. 96. Cause of gattine in the silkworm, Bombyx 

 wori L. No previous reference to a description of this species has been found. 



Genus II. Morator gen. nov. 



Only one species at present, inducing the disease known as sacbrood of the honey 

 bee. Generic name from Latin vioraior, loiterer. The type, and onlj', species is 

 Morator aetatulae spec. nov. 



1. Morator aetatulae spec. nov. From 

 Latin actatula, early period of life, in 

 reference to attack on immature stages 

 of host, exclusively. 



Common name : Honej'-bee sacbrood 

 virus. 



Host: APIDAE — Apis mellifera L., 

 honey bee (immature stages onljO- 



Insusceptible species : LYMANTRII- 

 DAE — Porthetria dispar (L.), gypsy 

 moth. 



Geographical distribution: United 

 States. 



Induced disease : In the honey bee, 

 immature stages only are susceptible ; in- 

 fected larvae die, usually after capping, 

 some of the dead brood being uncapped by 

 the bees. Occasionally caps are punc- 

 tured. Affected areas of comb are usu- 

 ally small and scattered. Each larva is 

 extended along its cell, head turned up- 

 ward toward the roof. A larva recently 

 dead appears light yellow, light gray, or 

 light brown, soon darkening to brown or 

 almost black. Cuticle of dead larva 

 tough, permitting extraction of the sac- 



