1232 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



membrane, dense granules (usually 5) 

 within; tendency to rectangular outlines 

 with rounded corners. At least 5.6 per 

 cent of virus is reported to be thymo- 

 nucleic acid. Contains nitrogen, 15.3 per 

 cent; carbon, 33.7 per cent; phosphorus, 

 0.57 per cent; phospholipid (lecithin), 

 2.2 per cent; neutral fat, 2.2 per cent; 

 reducing sugars after hydrolysis, 2.8 per 

 cent; cystine, 1.9 per cent; copper, 0.05 

 per cent. 



Strains: Besides the typical variola 

 strain, var. hominis Goodpasture (Sci- 

 ence, 77, 1933, 121), several distinctive 

 strains have been studied. A spontane- 

 ous cowpox strain differs in some antigens 

 but affords cross immunity with respect 

 to var. bovis Goodpasture {loc. cit., 121), 

 vaccinia virus, which in turn immunizes 

 against typical variola virus. A spon- 

 taneous rabbit-pox strain, serologically 

 resembling neurovaccine virus, is be- 

 lieved to exist independently in Europe 

 and the United States. The varieties 

 equi (horse-pox virus), porci (swine 

 strain), and avium (sheep and goat pox 

 virus) have been attributed to this 

 species by Goodpasture {loc. cit., 121). 

 The alastrim strain (causing variola 

 minor) differs from the type in producing 

 a relatively mild disease in man and in 

 inducing the formation of a distinctive 

 type of intracellular inclusion in affected 

 tissues. 



Literature: Amies, Jour. Path, and 

 Bact., 47, 1938, 205-222; Andervont, Am. 

 Jour. Hyg., 7, 1927, 804-810; Behrens and 

 Ferguson, Jour. Inf. Dis., 56, 1935, 84-88; 

 Behrens and Nielson, ibid., 56, 1935, 

 41-48; Buddingh, Am. Jour. Hyg., 38, 

 1943, 310-322; Craigie and Wishart, Brit. 

 Jour. Exp. Path., 15, 1934, 390-398 ; Jour. 

 Exp. Med., 64, 1936, 819-830; Bearing, 

 Am. Jour. Hyg., 20, 1934, 432-443; Doug- 

 las et al.. Jour. Path, and Bact., 82, 1929, 

 99-120; Downie, Brit. Jour. Exp. Path., 

 20, 1939, 158-176; Eagles, ibid., 16, 1935, 

 181-188; Elford and Andre wes, Brit. 

 Jour. Exp. Path., 13, 1932, 36-42; Good- 

 pasture, Woodruff, and Buddingh, Am. 

 Jour. Path., 8, 1932, 271-282 ; Green et al., 

 Jour. Exp. Med., 75, 1942, 651-656, 



Greene, ibid., 61, 1935, 807-831 ; Herzberg, 

 Ztschr. Immunitatsforsch. u. exper. 

 Therap., 86, 1935, 417-441; Hoagland et 

 al., Jour. Exp. Med., 71, 1940, 737-750; 72, 

 1940, 139-147; 7 4, 1941, 69-80, 133-144; 

 76, 1942, 163-173; Hu et al.. Jour. E.xp. 

 Med., 63, 1936, 353-378; Keogh, Jour. 

 Path, and Bact., ^, 1936, 441-454; 

 Ledingham, Brit. Jour. Exp. Path., 5, 

 1924, 332-349; Jour. Path, and Bact., 

 35, 1932, 140-142; Macfarlane and Dolby, 

 Brit. Jour. Exp. Path., 21, 1940, 219-227; 

 Macfarlane and Salaman, ibid., 19, 1938, 

 184-191; McFarlane et al., ibid., 20, 

 1939, 485-501 ; Moriyama, Arch, f . Virus- 

 forsch., 1, 1940, 422-429; Nelson, Jour. 

 Exp. Med., 60, 1934, 287-291; 78, 1943, 

 231-239; Nye and Parker, Am. Jour. 

 Path., 5, 1929, 147-155; Parker, Jour. 

 Exp. Med., 67, 1938, 361-367, 725-738; 

 Parker and Muckenfuss, Jour. Infect. 

 Dis., 53, 1933, 44-54; Parker and Rivers, 

 Jour. Exp. Med., 62, 1935, 65-72; 64, 



1936, 439-452; 65, 1937, 243-249; Pasc hen, 

 Deutsch. med. Wchschr., 89, 1913, 2132- 

 2136; Pearce et al., Jour. Exp. Med., 

 68, 1936, 241-258, 491-507; Jour. Path, 

 and Bact., 43, 1936, 299-312; Pickels and 

 Smadel, Jour. Exp. Med., 68, 1938, 583- 

 606; Rhodes and van Rooyen, Jour. Path, 

 and Bact., 44, 1937, 357-363; Rivers and 

 Ward, Jour. Exp. Med., 58, 1933, 635-648; 

 62, 1935, 549-560; Rivers et al., ibid., 65, 



1937, 677-685; 69, 1939, 857-866; Rosahn 

 et al.. Jour. Exp. Med., 63, 1936, 259-276, 

 379-396; Rosenau and Andervont, Am. 

 Jour. Hyg., 13, 1931, 728-740; Salaman, 

 Brit. Jour. Exp. Path., 18, 1937, 245-258; 

 Shedlovsky and Smadel, Jour. Exp. Med., 

 75, 1942, 165-178; Smadel and Rivers, 

 ibid., 75, 1942, 151-164; Smadel et al., 

 ibid., 68, 1938, 607-627; 7i, 1940, 373-389; 

 77, 1943, 165-171 ; Smith, Jour. Path, and 

 Bact., 88, 1930, 273-282; Sprunt, Proc. 

 Soc. E.xp. Biol, and Med., 51, 1942, 226- 

 227; Jour. Exp. Med., 75, 1942, 297-304; 

 Stritar and Hudson, Am. Jour. Path., 12, 

 1936, 165-174; Ward, Jour. Exp. Med., 

 50, 1929, 31-40. 



3. Borreliota suis spec. nov. From 

 Latin sus, swine. 



Common name: Swine-pox virus (not 



