1238 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



weeks in 50 per cent glycerine and 16 

 months dried when frozen, and stored 

 on ice. 



Literature : Andrewes, Brit. Jour. Exp. 

 Path., 10, 1929, 188-190, 273-280; Jour. 

 Path, and Pact., 33, 1930, .301-312; 50, 

 1940, 227-234; Rivers and Stewart, Jour. 

 Exp. Med., 48, 1928, 603-613; Rivers and 

 Tillett, ibid., 39, 1924, 777-802; 40, 1924, 

 281-287; Topacio and Hyde, Am. Jour. 

 Hyg., 15, 1932, 99-124. 



5. Scelus ulceris spec. nov. From 

 Latin ulcus, sore spot. 



Common name : Ovine balano-posthitis 

 virus. 



Host: BOVIDAE—Ovis arics L., 

 sheep. 



Geographical distribution : United 

 States, Australia. 



Induced disease : In sheep, ulceration 

 with scab production : lesions most severe 

 on prepuce and vulva; in the male, the 

 penis may be involved, usually only with 

 mild inflammation, but if accompanied by 

 parapliimosis there may be extensive ul- 

 ceration and heavy scab formation. 



Transmission : Venereally. Experi- 

 mentally, by inoculation of prepuce. 



Filterability : Passes Berkefeld N and 

 W filters, a 7 lb Mandler candle, and a 31 

 per cent collodion membrane. 



Literature: Tunnicliff and Matisheck, 

 Science, 94, 1941, 283-284. 



6. Scelus marmorans spec. nov. From 

 Latin marmorarc, to marble, in reference 

 to mottling of spleen and liver in host. 



Common name : Ectromelia virus. 



Hosts: MURIDAE — Mus miisculus 

 L., white mouse. Esperimentally, also 

 MURIDAE — Rattus norvegicits (Ber- 

 kenhout), rat (infection inapparent). 

 Also, PHASIANIDAE—Gallus galbis 

 (L.), chick embrj^o (12-day-old White 

 Leghorn chick embryo at 36 to 37° (' ; 

 less satisfactory results at higher tem- 

 peratures of incubation or in embryos in 

 spring eggs). Derived strains of this 

 virus infect rabbit and guinea pig, not 

 susceptible to original virus from mouse. 



Geographical distribution: England. 



Induced disease: In white mouse, 

 spleen mottled, liver edges translucent, 

 peritoneal fluid increased in amount ; loss 

 of weight; later, cutaneous lesions on 

 foot or elsewhere; affected foot swells, 

 becomes moist, scabbed, then recovers or 

 dries up and separates from the skin at 

 limit of original swelling; in acute dis- 

 ease, death without gross lesions, or, at 

 autopsy, gut dark red, liver dirty gray, 

 soft, bloodless, sometimes mottled, spleen 

 necrotic ; inclusion bodies most numerous 

 in lesions of the skin, round or oval, 4 to 

 13 microns long, without internal differ- 

 entiation; very young mice probably be- 

 come infected without developing ap- 

 parent disease and remain carriers for 

 some time. In rat, inapparent infection ; 

 after initial increase of virus, circulating 

 antibodies appear and immunity to rein- 

 fection is established. 



Transmission: In mouse, by contact. 

 In rat, experimentally, bj- intranasal 

 inoculation. 



Serological relationships: Neutralizing 

 antibodies occur in convalescent mouse 

 serum. Immune sera from the guinea 

 pig specifically agglutinate elementary 

 bodies obtained from infected skin of the 

 white mouse. 



Immunological relationships : Recov- 

 ered mice are solidly immune to many 

 lethal doses. 



Thermal inactivation : At 55° C in 30, 

 not in 10, minutes. 



Filterability : In broth, passes Mandler, 

 Pasteur-Chamberland Lo, and Berkefeld 

 N filters. 



Other properties: Survives drying 6 

 months, freezing (—10° C) 2 months, 50 

 per cent glycerine 5 months at least. 

 Resists 1 per cent phenol 20, not 40, days. 

 Size, estimated by filtration, 100 to 150 

 millimicrons; by ultraviolet-light photog- 

 raphy, 130 to 140 millimicrons. 



Literature : Barnard and Elford, Proc. 

 Roy. Soc. London, Ser. B, 109, 1931, 360- 

 380; Baumgartner, Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., 

 Orig., 133, 1935, 282-289 ; Burnet and Lush, 

 Jour. Path, and Bact., 42, 1936, 469-476; 

 43, 1936, 105-120; Jahn, Arch. f. Virus- 

 forsch., 1, 1939, 91-103; Kikuth and 



