FAMILY ERRONACEAE 



1253 



283; Harford and Bronfenbrenner, Jour. 

 Inf. Dis., 70, 1942, 62-68; Harrison and 

 Moore, Am. Jour. Path., 13, 1937, 361- 

 375; Hodes, Jour. Exp. Med., 69, 1939, 

 533-543; Hodes and Webster, ihid., 68, 

 1938, 263-271 ; Lennette and Smith, Jour. 

 Inf. Dis., 65, 1935, 252-254 ; Mitamura et 

 al., Trans. Soc. Path. Jap., 27, 1937, 573- 

 580; Muckenfuss et al., U. S. Pub. Health 

 Service, Public Health Kept., 48, 1933, 

 1341-1343; O'Leary et al., Jour. Exp. 

 Med., 75, 1942, 233-246; Reeves et al., 

 Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol, and Med., 50, 1942, 

 125-128; Sulkin et al.. Jour. Inf. Dis., 67, 

 1940, 252-257; Webster, Jour. Exp. Med., 

 65, 1937, 261-286; 6S, 1938, 111-124; Web- 

 ster and Clow, ibid., 63, 1936, 433-448, 

 827-845; Webster and Fite, ibid., 61, 

 1935, 103-114, 411-422; Webster and 

 Johnson, ibid., 7 It, 1941, 489-494 ; Webster 

 et al., 61, 1935, 479-487; 6,2, 1935, 827-847. 



7. Erro equinus spec. nor. From Latin 

 equinus, pertaining to horses. 



Common name: Equine encephalitis 

 virus. 



Hosts: EQUIDAE—Equus caballus 

 L., horse ; Fi hybrid of the horse and E. 

 asinus L.,mule. HOMINIDAE—Homo 

 sapiens L., man. COLUMBIDAE — 

 Columba livia, domestic pigeon. PHA- 

 SIA N IDAE — ring-necked pheasant. 

 TETRAONIDAE—Tympanuchus cup- 

 ido L., var. americanus (Reichenbach), 

 prairie chicken. Many additional spe- 

 cies have been found to show neutralizing 

 antisera at times and these are presum- 

 ably natural hosts of the virus upon occa- 

 sion; among them are: ANATIDAE — 

 Anas platyrhyncha L., Mallard and 

 Pekin ducks; Anser anser (L.), domestic 

 goose. BOVIDAE — Bos laurus L., cow ; 

 Capra hircus L., goat ; Ovis aries L., sheep. 

 CAN I DAE — Canis familiaris L., dog. 

 CHARADRIIDAE—Oxyechusvociferus 

 L., killdeer. CRICETIDAE—Microtus 

 montanus (Peale), field mouse; Peromys- 

 cus vianiculatus (Wagner), white-footed 

 mouse.' FALCONIDAE — Falco spar- 

 rerius L., sparrow hawk. MELEAGRI- 

 DAE — Meleagris gallopavo L., turkey. 



MURIDAE—Rattus rattus L., black 

 rat. MUSCICAPIDAE—Turdus mi- 

 gratorius L., robin. MUSTELIDAE— 

 Mustela frenata Lichtenstein, weasel. 

 PHASIANIDAE—Gallus gallus (L.), 

 chicken; Lophortyx calif ornica, Cali- 

 fornia quail ; Phasianus colchicus L., ring- 

 necked pheasant. PIC I DAE — Colaptes 

 cafer (Gm.), red-shafted flicker. STRI- 

 GIDAE — Bubo virginianus (Gm.), great 

 horned owl. SUIDAE — Sus scrofa L., 

 pig. Experimentally, also chick embryo, 

 goose embryo, pheasant embryo, robin 

 embryo, pigeon embryo, turkey embryo, 

 sparrow embryo, duck embrj'o, and gui- 

 nea-fowl embryo; white mouse, guinea 

 pig, rabbit, pigeon, white rat, calf, sheep, 

 monkey, goat, dog, hen, turkey; Zono- 

 trichia leucophrys gambeli, Gambel spar- 

 row; Passer domesiicus L., English 

 sparrow; Lophortyx calif ornica, quail; 

 Junco oreganus, junco; Toxosioma lecon- 

 iei lecontei, thrasher ; Citellus richardsonii 

 (Sabine), gopher or Richardson's ground 

 squirrel ; Sigmodon kispidus Say and Ord, 

 cotton rat ; Dipodomys heermanni Le ■ 

 Conte, kangaroo rat; Reithrodoniomys 

 megalatus, wild mouse; Microtus mon- 

 tanus, M. californicus and M. mordax, 

 wild mice ; Peromyscns maniculatus (Wag- 

 ner), white-footed mouse; Neotoma fus- 

 cipes Baird, wood rat; Sylvilagus bach- 

 mani (Waterhouse ) , brush rabbit; S. 

 audubonii (Baird), cottontail rabbit; 

 Canis familiaris L., dog (puppies) ; Anser 

 cincreus, goose; Anas boscas L., duck; 

 Circus rufus (Gm.), hawk; Turdus 

 merida L., blackbird; Ciconia ciconia L., 

 white stork; Vidtur fulvus Briss., tawny 

 vulture; Marmota monax (L.), wood- 

 chuck; Microtus pennstjlvanicus (Ord.), 

 field vole ; Speotyto cunicidaria hypugaea 

 (Bonaparte), western burrowing owl; 

 Molothrus ater (Boddaert), cowbird; 

 common quail or bob-white. 



Insusceptible species : Frog (cat and 

 opossum reported as "refractory"). 



Geographical distribution : United 

 States, Canada, Argentina. 



Induced disease : In horse, initial fever, 

 then signs of fatigue, somnolence; occa- 



