1256 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



824; Jour. Bact., S3, 1937, 60; Am. Jour. 

 Hyg., 82 (B), 1940, 19-23; SS (B), 1941, 

 37-41; Jour. Exp. Med., 78, 1941, 607- 

 529; Taylor et al., Jour. Inf. Dis., 67, 



1940, 59-66; 69, 1941, 224-231; 73, 1943, 

 31-41 ; TenBroeck, Arch. Path., 25, 1938, 

 759 (Abst.); TenBroeck and Merrill, 

 Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol, and Med., 31, 1933, 

 217-220; TenBroeck et al.. Jour. Exp. 

 Med., 62, 1935, 677-685; Traub and Ten 

 Broeck, Science, 81, 1935, 572; Tyzzer 

 and Sellards, Am. Jour. Hyg., S3 (B), 



1941, 69-81; Tyzzer et al.. Science, 88, 



1938, 505-506; van Roekel and Clarke, 

 Jour. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc, 94 (N.S. 47), 



1939, 466-468; Webster and Wright, 

 Science, 88, 1938, 305-306; Wesselhoeft 

 et al.. Jour. Am. Med. Assoc, 111, 1938, 

 1735-1740; Wright, Am. Jour. Hyg., 36, 



1942, 57-67. 



8. Erro bornensis spec. nov. From 

 Borna, name of a town in Saxony where 

 a severe epizootic occurred in 1894 to 

 1896. 



Common name : Borna-disease virus. 



Hosts : Horse, cow, sheep, perhaps deer. 

 Experimentally, also rabbit, guinea pig, 

 rat (more susceptible when old than when 

 younger), mouse; Macaca mvlatta (Zim- 

 mermann), rhesus monkey. 



Insusceptible species: Ferret, cat, 

 pigeon; probably dog. 



Geographical distribution : Wurtem- 

 burg, Germany, North and South Amer- 

 ica, Hungary, Russia, Belgium, France, 

 Italjs Roumania. 



Induced disease: In horse, encephalo- 

 myelitis characterized by lassitude, in- 

 difference to external stimuli; later 

 intermittent excitement, difficulty in 

 mastication and deglutition, spasms in 

 various muscles, champing, excessive 

 salivation ; pupils unequal in size ; paraly- 

 sis of hindquarters, tail, muscles of 

 tongue, or muscles of back; temperature 

 usually normal ; death in 20 to 37 hours 

 or, less often, recovery after about 1 to 3 

 weeks. Virus may pass placenta and 

 infect fetus in pregnant animals. 



Transmission : To rabbit, experimen- 

 tally by feeding and by injection in- 

 tracerebrally, intraocularl}'', nasally, 

 intravenously, subcutaneously, or intra- 

 peritoneally ; not by living in same cage. 



Immunological relationships: No cross 

 immunity conferred by the Western 

 strain of equine encephalomyelitis virus. 

 Isolate of Borna disease virus from the 

 horse immunizes rabbits against isolate 

 from sheep, and vice versa. Herpes and 

 rabies viruses do not immunize rabbits 

 against subsequent infection by Borna 

 disease virus. 



Thermal inactivation : At 50 to 57° C in 

 30 minutes; at 70° C in 10 minutes. 



Filterability : Passes Berkefeld N and 

 Mandler filters, but with difficulty. 

 Passes collodion membranes of average 

 pore diameter 400 millimicrons readily, 

 200 millimicrons with difficulty, 175 milli- 

 microns not detectibly. May be sep- 

 arated by differential filtration from 

 louping-ill virus, which will pass even a 

 125-millimicron membrane. 



Other properties : Particle size esti- 

 mated from filtration data as 85 to 125 

 millimicrons. Optimum pH for stability 

 in broth at 15 to 20° C is 7.4 to 7.6; very 

 sensitive to greater alkalinity. Viable 

 after 327 days dry at laboratory tempera- 

 tures. Viable at least 6 months in 50 per 

 cent glycerine. Inactivated by putre- 

 faction in 5 days ; by 1 per cent carbolic 

 acid in 4, not in 2, weeks. 



Literature: Barnard, Brit. Jour. Exp. 

 Path., 14, 1933, 205-206; Covell, Proc. 

 Soc. Exp. Biol, and Med., 32, 1934, 51-53; 

 Elford and Galloway, Brit. Jour. Exp. 

 Path., 14, 1933, 196-205; Howitt and 

 Meyer, Jour. Infect. Dis., 54, 1934, 364- 

 367; Nicolau and Galloway, Brit. Jour. 

 Exp. Path., 8, 1927, 336-341, and in 

 Medical Research Council, Special Re- 

 port Series No. 121, London, 1928, 90 pp., 

 Ann. Inst. Pasteur, 44, 1930, 673-696; ^5, 

 1930, 457-523 ;Zwicketal.,Ztschr. Infek- 

 tionskr. parasit. Krankh. u. Hyg. d. 

 Haustierc, 30, 1926, 42-136; 32, 1927, 

 150-179. 



