1268 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



Soc. Trop. Med. and Hyg., 25, 1932, 229- 

 266; 26, 1932, 157-160; 161-168; Brit. 

 Jour. Exp. Path., 17, 1936, 89-104; Find- 

 lay and MacCallum, Jour. Path, and 

 Bact., U, 1937, 405-424; Findlay and 

 Mackenzie, Brit. Jour. Exp. Path., 17, 

 1936, 441-447; Findlay et al., ibid., 17, 

 1936, 431-441; Francis and Magill, Jour. 

 Exp. Med., 62, 1935, 433-448; Horning 



and Findlay, Jour. Roy. Micr. Soc, 5J^, 

 1934, 9-17; Mackenzie, Jour. Path, and 

 Bact., 37, 1933, 75-79; 40, 1935, 65-73; 

 Mackenzie et nl., Brit. Jour. Exp. Path., 

 17, 1936, 352-361; Saddington, Proc. Soc. 

 Exp. Biol, and Med., 31, 1934, 693-694; 

 Schwentker and Rivers, Jour. Exp. Med., 

 59, 1934, 305-313. 



Genus II. Tarpeia gen. nov. 



Viruses of the Influenza Group, inducing diseases characterized principally by 

 involvement of the respiratory tract. Generic name from Latin Tarpeia, name of a 

 Roman maiden who treacherously opened a citadel to an enemy. 



The type species is Tarpeia alpha spec. nov. 



Key to the species of genus Tarpeia. 



I. Infecting man principally. 



1. Tarpeia alpha. 



2. Tarpeia beta. 



3. Tarpeia premens. 

 II. Affecting feline species. 



4. Tarpeia felis. 



III. Affecting domestic cattle (calves). 



5. Tarpeia vitulae. 



IV. Affecting canine species. 



6. Tarpeia cants. 



7. Tarpeia vulpis. 

 V. Affecting ferrets. 



8. Tarpeia viverrae. 

 VI. Affecting domestic fowl. 



9. Tarpeia avium. 



1 . Tarpeia alpha spec. nov. From first 

 letter of Greek alphabet. 



Common name : Influenza A virus ; 

 swine filtrate -disease virus. 



Hosts : HOMINIDAE—Homo sapiens 

 L., man. SUIDAE—Sus .scrofa L., do- 

 mestic swine. Experimentally, also fer- 

 ret, mouse, Macacus irus, hedgehog, 

 rabbit (inapparent infection), guinea pig 

 (inapparent infection), rat (inapparent 

 infection); Mustela sibirica Milne-Ed- 

 wards, Chinese mink; Sciurotarnius da- 

 vidianus Milne-Edwards, David's squir- 

 rel ; chick embryo (some strains produce 

 visible lesions at 36.5° C on chorioallan- 

 loic membrane); minced chick embrj^o 

 in Tyrode's solution. 



Insusceptible species : Callosciurus 

 caniceps canigenus Howell, Chekiang 

 squirrel ; Eutamias asiaticus senescens 

 Miller, chipmunk. 



Geographical distribution : World-wide. 



Induced disease : In man, headache, 

 dizziness, with shivering and muscular 

 pains; rise of temperature on the second 

 day, sometimes with fall on the third and 

 elevation again later; often complicated 

 by bronchitis and bronchopneumonia; 

 I'.emorrhagic and edematous lobular con- 

 sclidation in lungs; virus most easily 

 recoverable from nasopharyngeal wash- 

 ings, but also from nasal secretions and 

 lungs. In swine, virus alone produces 

 only a mild malady (filtrate disease); 



