FAMILY CHARONACEAE 



1279 



mucoid or mucopurulent discharge from 

 nostrils; prognosis favorable in mild 

 cases, but disease occasionally terminates 

 with death. 



Transmission: Not by contact; arth- 

 ropod vector suspected. 



Other properties : Infective particle 

 calculated to be 87 to 105 millimicrons in 

 diameter by sedimentation studies, 100 

 to 132 millimicrons in diameter by ultra- 

 filtration. 



Literature: Bekker et al., Onderste- 

 poort Jour. Vet. Sci. and Anim. Indust., 

 2, 1934, 393-507; De Kock et al., ibid., 8, 

 1937, 129-180; Henning, in Henning, M. 

 W., Animal Diseases in South Africa, 

 Central News Agency, Ltd., South 

 Africa, 1932, vol. 2, chapter 27, pages 

 503-515 ; Mason and Neitz, Onderstepoort 

 Jour. Vet. Sci. and Anim. Indust., 16, 

 1940, 149-157; Nieschulz et al., ibid., 2, 

 1934, 509-562; Poison, Nature, ^^8, 1941, 

 593-594. 



6. Tortor felis spec. nov. From Latin 

 feles, cat. 



Common names : Panleucopenia virus, 

 infectious feline agranulocytosis virus, in- 

 fectious aleucocytosis virus, feline en- 

 teritis virus. 



Host: FELIDAE— Felis calus L., do- 

 mestic cat. 



Insusceptible species : White mouse, 

 guinea pig, domestic rabbit, ferret; 

 Citellus richardsonii (Sabine), ground 

 squirrel. 



Geographical distribution : United 

 States, Germany. 



Induced disease : In cat, variable ef- 

 fects, some individuals little affected, 

 others listless, recumbent, refusing food, 

 showing some vomiting, diarrhea, nasal 

 and ocular discharges; often death, after 

 a few minutes of fibrillary twitching and 

 terminal clonic convulsions, before there 

 is much loss of weight; sometimes recov- 

 ery with return of appetite. Profound 

 leucopenia and marked relative lympho- 

 cytosis without thrombopenia or appreci- 

 able anemia; proliferation of reticulo- 

 endothelial cells of lymph nodes and 



spleen ; intranuclear inclusion in cells of 

 gastrointestinal mucosa, spleen, lymph 

 nodes, bone marrow, and bronchial 

 mucosa. 



Transmission : Perhaps by nasal drop- 

 lets or contaminated food. No arthropod 

 vector recognized. Experimentally by 

 oral, intragastric, cutaneous, subcutane- 

 ous, intraperitoneal, intravenous, and 

 intranasal routes. 



Serological relationships : Sera from 

 panleucopenia-immune cats protects 

 against agranulocytosis virus. 



Immunological relationships : Cats im- 

 mune as a result of earlier infection with 

 agranulocytosis virus resist later inocula- 

 tion with panleucopenia virus. Previous 

 inoculation ineffective if made with hog- 

 cholera virus or fox-encephalitis virus. 



Filterability : Passes Berkefeld V, N, 

 and W filters and Seitz EK discs. 



Other properties : Remains active in 50 

 per cent glycerine at least 138 days in 

 tissues ; not inactivated by drying while 

 frozen, nor by freezing at about —80° C. 



Literature : Hammon and Enders, Jour. 

 Exp. Med., 69, 1939, 327-352; 70, 1939, 

 557-564; Kikuth et al., Cent. f. Bakt., I 

 Abt., Orig., 146, 1940, 1-17; Lawrence 

 and Syverton, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol, and 

 Med., 88, 1938, 914-918; Lawrence et al.. 

 Jour. Exp. Med., 77, 1943, 57-64; Am. 

 Jour. Path., 16, 1940, 333-354; Syverton 

 et al.. Jour. Exp. Med., 77, 1943, 41-56. 



7. Tortor galli spec. nov. From Latin 

 gallus, cock. 



Common names : Fowl-plague virus, 

 fowl-pest virus. 



Hosts: Chiefly chicken, turkey, goose. 

 Experimentally, also ferret, rhesus mon- 

 key, hedgehog, pigeon, duck, canary, 

 mouse, rat, rabbit. Multiplies in em- 

 bryonated hen's egg; edema, but no dis- 

 crete primarj^ lesions in chorioallantoic 

 membrane. 



Geographical distribution : Widespread 

 throughout Europe. North and South 

 America, Asia. 



Induced disease : In chicken, loss of 

 appetite, tendency to leave companions 



