FAMILY RABULACEAE 



1285 



Literature: Bloch, Am. Jour. Path., 

 13, 1937, 939-944; Enders and Cohen, 

 Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol, and Med., 50, 1942, 

 180-184; Findlay and Clarke, Brit. Jour. 

 Exp. Patli., 15, 1934, 309-313; .Johnson 

 and Goodpasture, Jour. Exp. Med., 59, 

 1934, 1-19; Am. Jour. Hyg., 21, 1935, 

 46-57; ^3, 1936, 329-339 ; Am. Jour. Path., 

 12, 1936, 495-510. 



2. Rabula levis spec. iiov. From Latin 

 levis., trifling. 



Common name : Guinea-pig salivary- 

 gland virus. 



Host: CAVIIDAE—Cavia porcellvs 

 (L.), guinea pig (only known host; fetus 

 more susceptible than post-natal animal, 

 even if from immune mother) . 



Insusceptible species : Rabbit, rat, cat, 

 chicken, pigeon, dog, mouse, monkey 

 (Macacus rhesus). 



Geographical distribution: L'nited 

 States, England. 



Induced disease : In guinea pig, sub- 

 maxillary glands show swollen epithelial 

 cells containing relatively dense acido- 

 philic inclusions of granular material 

 within enlarged nuclei, especially in ducts 

 of the serous portion of the gland, and 

 larger but fewer intracytoplasmic inclu- 

 sions; experimentally, by intracerebral 

 injection of young guinea pig, prodromal 

 period of about 2 days, then elevation of 

 temperature to 105 or 106° F ; a day later, 

 hair raised, animal quiet; subsequently, 

 irritability with tremors and slight con- 

 vulsive movements ; by fifth day, usually 

 prostration, jerking movements, and en- 

 suing death ; brain shows no gross lesions 

 but exudate over surface ; in meningeal 

 exudate, many cells each containing an 

 acidophilic mass within its nucleus; by 

 subcutaneous injection, virus recoverable 

 after 2 weeks from submaxillary glands, 

 cervical lymph nodes, kidney, and lung, 

 not from blood, liver, or spleen. 



Transmission : Experimentally, by in- 

 oculation of submaxillary gland or by 

 intracerebral or subcutaneous injection 

 of materials from infected glands; with 



difficulty from brain to brain. Pilocar- 

 pine stimulation increases numbers of 

 inclusions. 



Serological relationships : Specific neu- 

 tralizing antibody is found in blood serum 

 of animals that are carrying virus in their 

 submaxillary glands. 



Immunological relationships: Active 

 immunity may be dependent on existence 

 of more or less active lesions. 



Thermal inactivation : At 54° C in 1 

 hour. 



Filterability : Passes Berkefeld N filter 

 candle. 



Other properties : Viable in 50 per cent 

 glycerine at least 11 days. 



Strains: An unusually virulent strain, 

 killing infected animals whatever the 

 route of injection, has been described but 

 not given a distinctive name (Rosenbusch 

 and Lucas, Am. .Tour. Path., 15, 19.39, 

 303-340). 



Literature : Andrewes, Brit. Jour. Exp. 

 Path., 11, 1930, 23-34; Cole and Kuttner, 

 Jour. Exp. Med., U, 1926, 855-873; Hud 

 son and Markham, ibid., 55, 1932, 405-415 ; 

 Jackson, Jour. Inf. Dis., 26, 1920, 347- 

 350; Kuttner, Jour. Exp. Med., 46, 1927, 

 935-956; Kuttner and T'ung, ibid., 62, 

 1935, 805-822; Lucas, Am. Jour. Path., 

 12, 1936, 933-948; Markham, ibid., U, 

 1938, 311-322; Markham and Hudson, 

 ibid., 12, 1936, 175-182; Pearson, ibid., 6, 

 1930, 261-274; Scott, Jour. Exp. Med., 

 49, 1929, 229-236; Scott and Pruett, Am. 

 Jour. Path., 6, 1930, 53-70. 



3. Rabula innocuus spec. nov. From 

 Latin innocuus, harmless. 



Common name : Hamster salivary- 

 gland virus. 



Host : CRICETIDAE—Cricetulus gri- 

 seus M. Edw., Chinese hamster. 



Insusceptible species: MURIDAE — 

 rat; Mus musculus L., white mouse. 



Geographical distribution : China. 



Induced disease : In hamster, no obvi- 

 ous disease externally but inclusion 

 bodies in submaxillary glands. 



