BORRELOMYCETACEAE 



1293 



5. Pleuropneumonis-like organisms in 



mice. (Sabin, Science, 88, 1938, 575, and 

 Bact. Rev., 5, 1941, 1; Findlay, Kliene- 

 berger, MacCallum and MacKenzie, Lan- 

 cet, ^35, 1938, 1511.) A strain isolated by 

 Sullivan and Dienes (Proc. Soc. Exp. 

 Biol, and Med., 41, 1939, 620) is identical 

 with Type A. 



Five groups of strains, distinct sero- 

 logically, and, to a certain extent, distinct 

 also in their pathological properties, have 

 been isolated from mice. These are 

 types A, B, C, D, and E of Sabin. The 

 strains are closely similar to each other 

 and to the rat strains. It is questionable 

 whether the slight differences in the ap- 

 pearance of the colonies and in the mor- 

 phology of the cultures are of significance. 



Type A (Musculomyces neurolyticus 

 Sabin) is usually present in the conjunc- 

 tiva and was i.solated also from the lung 

 and brain. Intercerebral injection of 

 Type A produces in mice a characteristic 

 rolling disease due to a toxin which is also 

 present in broth cultures. Intravenous 

 injection produces a transient polyarthri- 

 tis without damage to the cartilage or 

 ankylosis. Type A is serologically simi- 

 lar to Lo of Klienebergcr, (.lour. liyg., 40, 

 1940, 204). 



Type B {Musculomyces arthrotropicus 

 Sabin) was isolated from the brain and 

 from the nasal mucosa. It produces no 

 rolling disease and no soluble toxin. In 

 mice, intravenous injection usually pro- 

 duces a chronic arthritis often leading to 

 ankylosis. 



Types C, D and E {Musculomyces his- 

 totropicus Sabin) were isolated from the 

 same location as Type B and produce 

 similar arthritic lesions. They are sero- 

 logically distinct from Type B and from 

 each other (Sabin, Science, 90, 1939, 18 

 and Sabin and Johnson, Proc. Soc. Exp. 

 Biol, and Med., 44, 1940, 569). 



Le isolated from mice by Findlay et al. 

 (Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg., 33, 

 1939-40, 6) and the strains of Edward 

 (Jour. Path, and Bact., ,50, 1940, 409) were 



not compared serologically with the types 

 of Sabin. 



6. Pleuropneumonia-like organisms in 

 man. (Dienes, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol, and 

 Med., 44, 1940,468; Beveridge, Med. Jour, 

 of Australia, 30, 1943, 479; Kleine- 

 berger, Lancet, 2, 1945, 46.) 



They are present in about 30 per cent 

 of women in the genitals and they were 

 isolated from suppurative processes orig- 

 inating from this source. In men they 

 were found in urethritis, cystitis and 

 chronic prostatitis. 



The appearance of the colony, the mor- 

 phology and growth i-equirements cor- 

 respond with the animal strains. The 

 human strains grow less abundantly in 

 serum broth than the animal strains. 



One strain was found by Sabin (Proc. 

 Soc. Exp. Biol, and .Med., 44, 1940, 569) 

 to be serologically different from the 

 strains isolated from rats and mice. It is 

 not known whether the strains are sero- 

 logically uniform. There is a slight vari- 

 ation in colon}^ form, in the tendency to 

 grow in filaments, and in the abundance 

 of growth, but the variation between the 

 strains is less than the variation due to 

 .slightly different cultural conditions. 



Mice and rats are usually not suscepti- 

 ble to infection with the human strains; 

 however, several A^oung mice from a single 

 litter were killed in three to six days by 

 subcutaneous or intraperitoneal injection 

 of one strain. 



7. Pleuropneumonia-like organisms in 

 chick embryos. (Van Herick and Eaton, 

 Jour. Bact., 50, 1945, 47.) 



Organisms have been isolated from 

 chick enibryos which conform to the 

 pleuropneumonia group with regard to 

 morphology, the appearance of colonies 

 on agar and filterabilit}'. The cultures 

 agglutinated red blood cells from various 

 animals. The relation of this strain to 

 the coccobacillary bodies of Nelson (see 

 Section II) has not been studied. 



