The Spotted Towhees 



Range of P. m. oregonus. — The Northwest Pacific Coast district, broadly, 

 from Oregon to British Columbia. 



Occurrence in California. — Accidental; one record: San Clemente Island, 

 Dec. 4, 1908, by C. B. Linton. 



Authorities. — Linton, Condor, vol. xi., 1909, p. 194 (San Clemente Id., one spec, 

 Dec. 4, 1908); Swarth, Condor, vol. xv., 1913, p. 172 (crit.). 



No. 67e Sacramento Towhee 



A. O. U. No. 588b, part. Pipilo maculatus falcinellus Swarth. 



Description. — Similar to P. m. mcgalonyx, but white markings more extended; 

 rump more olivaceous or grayer; foot weaker, with smaller hind claw. 



Range of P. m. falcinellus. — Resident in the great interior valley and, broadly, 

 throughout the Sierras (south at least to southern Tulare County), eastern slopes of 

 northern coast ranges, and thence north indefinitely beyond the northern boundary 

 line of California. 



Authorities. — Ridgway (Pipilo erythrophtlialmus oregonus), Bull. Essex Inst., 

 vol. vi., 1874, p. 171 (Sacramento); Barlow, Condor, vol. iii., 1901, p. 173 (habits, 

 nests and eggs) ; Swarth, Condor, vol. xv., 1913, p. 172, fig., map (orig. desc. ; Marysville 

 Buttes, type locality; distr. ; crit.); Tyler, Pac. Coast Avifauna, no. 9, 1913, p. 86 

 (San Joaquin Valley; habits). 



No. 67f Nevada Spotted Towhee 



A. O. U. No. 588a, part. Pipilo maculatus curtatus Grinnell. 



Synonyms. — Spurred Towhee. Mountain Towhee. 



Description. — Similar to P. m. megalonyx, but black of upperparts less pure 

 grayer; white markings notably increased and carried clear across the back; tawny 

 of sides, etc., paler and more restricted; apical white spots of 3rd pair of rectrices more 

 extended; hind claw notably weaker. 



Range of P. m. curtatus. — Summer resident throughout an undefined area of 

 the Great Basin region, including at least northern Nevada, northeastern California, 

 and eastern Oregon; also (probably) the Upper Sonoran and arid Transition zones of 

 eastern Washington and western Idaho north into British Columbia. Winter range 

 undefined, but includes at least portions of the lower Colorado Valley. 



Occurrence in California. — Breeds in the Warner Mountains of Modoc 

 County; winters at Colorado River points. 



Authorities. — Grinnell, Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool., vol. vii., 191 1, p. 310 (Colorado 

 R.); ibid., vol. xii., 1914, p. 177 (Colorado R. ; habits; crit.); Swarth, Condor, vol. xv., 

 1913, p. 167, fig., map (distr. in Calif.; crit.). 



No. 67g Mountain Towhee 



A. O. U. No. 588a, part. Pipilo maculatus montanus Swarth. 



Synonym. — Arizona Spotted Towhee. 



Description. — Similar to P. in. megalonyx, but paler every way; back and rump 

 with admixture of gray; white markings more extended and diffuse; apical spotting 

 of tail more extended; hind claw weaker. 



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