nmoMB.] LEADVILLE TO BtANITOU. 429 



The city of Pueblo is important as a railroad center, and contains 

 metallurgical works for reducing the various ores which arc brought 

 down grade from the mining districts of the mountains. On the mesa 

 to the south, at Bessemer, arc the iron and steel works of the Colorado 



Coal and Iron Company, where there is an extensive Bessemer plant 

 for making rails. Nearer the town, on the mesa, are the lead-smelting 

 works of the Colorado Smelting Company, managed by Mr. Anton 

 Filers, and to the north of the town and adjoining the railroad are 

 the lead-smelting and refining works of the Pueblo Smelting and 

 Refining Company, Herman Geist. manager. A permanent exposition 

 building, known as the Colorado .Mineral Palace, has recently been 

 opened here for the purpose of exhibiting collections illustrative of 

 the mineral resources of the State. 



The road now bends northward up the valley of Fountain creek 

 about 12 miles (10 km.) to the east of the mountains, still remaining 

 upon the clays of the Middle Cretaceous. As it gradually approaches 

 the mountains, good views of the Pikes Peak group are obtained. 

 The stream was originally named by Canadian trappers Fontaine (/id 

 bonillc, from the effervescent springs near its source. 



Colorado Springs is a nourishing city of 7,000 inhabitants situated 

 upon the mesa, on the east bank of Monument creek, three miles from 

 the mountains, whose mild, yet invigorating climate has made it famous 

 as a health resort, especially for consumptives. The traveler has here 

 a magnificent panorama spread on* before him, the central feature of 

 which is Pikes Peak, 12 miles (10 km.) away, towering above the lesser 

 mountains and foothills. To the south is Cheyenne mountain (0,407 

 feet — 2,807 m.), a precipitous peak rising abruptly from the plains, while 

 to the west of it is St. Peters dome, a celebrated mineral locality. Pe- 

 tween Cheyenne mountain and Pikes Peak is the picturesque gorge of 

 Cheyenne canyon. A beautiful casino near by is connected by tram- 

 way with the city of Colorado Springs. 



From Colorado Springs the train follows a branch road up the valley 

 of the Fountain to Manitou, live miles to the westward, in a Sheltered 

 nook at the very base of the mountains. 



dust beyond Colorado City, the first capital of Colorado, the upturned 

 Xiobrara Cretaceous limestone is seen, and from here the route crosses 

 in succession the Lower Cretaceous, Jura, Trias, and Carboniferous, 

 all Steeply upturned. To the south of the track, the jagged edges of 

 red Triassic sandstones are seen striking for the Archean foothills. A 

 northwest-southeast fault cuts them off, as indicated on the Ilayden 

 ma]). To the north, the towering masses of the "Garden of the Gods" 

 are seen from certain points. 



