214 Copt HuttorCs Geological Report. [No. 111. 



an acute dip to the N. E., while the opposite side preserved the S. W. di- 

 rection at a less acute angle. In such cases where a section is obtained 

 by a water course, the strata forming the ' J heart or interior of the range 

 are seen twisted in every grotesque direction. These strata consist of 

 thick beds of argillaceous schists and sandstones, and what strikes one as 

 singular in their disposition is, that the upheavement has had the effect of 

 throwing the outcrop of the sandstone, or superior stratum dipping to the 

 S.W., higher than the portion which falls to the N.E. Thus the joining 

 of the strata is not at the summit of the range, but the rocks of the N.E. 

 side are seen lying against those of the opposite direction, whose upper 

 edge, or outcrop, juts out above them. (See plate) — Fig. 6. 



Passing on from Dunkur we come to the Lingtee river, which joins the 

 Spiti. 



Here again a double upheavement of the strata appears to have taken 

 place, which will be better understood by a reference to the annexed sketch, 

 and which may serve as an example in all similar cases. ( See plate) — Fig. 7. 

 On the right bank of the Spiti, the strata fall acutely to the river in a 

 N. E. direction, as already pointed out, while on the left bank, although 

 they at first dip to the same direction, they are seen first gradually to rise 

 to a nearly horizontal position, and then to dip backwards again to the S. 

 W. This occurs on the left bank of the Spiti and the right bank of the 

 Lingtee at the point where the two rivers meet. 



On the left of the Lingtee the strata first dip to the N. E., and then after 

 many extraordinary twists and contortions, yield, as it were reluctantly, to 

 the contrary dip, which turns them back to their old and proper direction 

 of S.W. 



In all these cases it will be found that the rocks are rent asunder, and 

 the disruption now forms deep Tchuds or glens, through which at present a 

 stream or river descends. 



About six miles from Dunkur stands the village of Leedung, where the 

 strata consist, in an ascending order, of greywacke and clay slates, dark 

 blue limestone shales, limestone and sandstone, repeated in many alterna- 

 tions. 



Leedung stands at the height of 12,037 feet above the sea, and the strata 

 just mentioned rise precipitously above it to the height of from 3,000 to 

 6,000 feet more, or to 15,000 and 18,000 feet above the sea. The highest 

 stratum here appeared to be of sandstone, resting upon shale. 



To the N.E. of this village rises a Pass, which has an elevation of 

 15,247 feet, and here along its summit, where the streams which descend 



