1841.] On the Topes of Darounta, and Caves of Bahrabad. 385 



Tope by Mons. Court, in so far at least as the figure and attitude of Her- 

 cules is concerned ; the head on the obverse of the coin is too indistinct 

 to admit of very accurate identification, but I am convinced that the two 

 are similar ; Mr. James Prinsep remarked on the difference obtaining 

 between this coin, and the rest of those found with it at Manikyala, and 

 (As. Soc. Jour. Vol. VII. p. 646) he afterwards observes of this coin ; 

 1 on the reverse of the coins of the second Hermaios (or perhaps the 

 third) having a Hercules for the reverse, commences another series of 

 native names following what we have designated the Kadphises, or Ka- 

 daphes Group.' It is in fact a coin of Kadaphes, who invading, and sub- 

 duing the country of the last Hermaios, adopted in part, according to the 

 wont of the barbarians, the effigy of his coins, affording a strong contrast in 

 its classicality, when placed, as at Manikyala, in juxta-position with the 

 peculiar coinage of the Kadphesis and Kanerkis, by whom the types of Gre- 

 cian domination were foregone. The presence at Darounta of this coin, 

 (or coins, for No. 3 seems to be a duplicate though indistinct) with those 

 of Azes, goes directly to support the truth of Professor Lassen's Chrono- 

 logical Deductions as respects that King, and his immediate predecessor. 

 * The coins of Azes,' he observes, 'are so closely connected with Greek 

 types, that he must undoubtedly be a proximate successor of the Greek 

 Kings, #*#### : ne must be considered as a cotemporary of Her- 

 maios.' (Lassen on Bactrian History, As. Soc Jour. Vol. IX. p. 662.) 

 But Mr. James Prinsep connects Kadaphes with Hermaios ; when there- 

 fore we find their coins together, as in the instance now before us, the 

 advent of the Saces under Kadaphes, to the destruction of the remains 

 Greeco-Bactrian pdwer, and the succession of Azes shortly afterwards, 

 (who founded the great empire of that people) may the more readily be 

 admitted. Professor Lassen gives the following dates, about which we 

 may assign the period of the construction of the Darounta Tope. 



The Grsecian Empire of Hermaios subdued by Kadaphes about. 120 B. C. 



Great Empire of the Saces, under Azes about 1 1 6 B. C. 



Azilises succeeds him about 90 B. C. 



I need hardly add that to Kadhpises (a Parthian) Professor Lassen 

 assigns a reign about 100. A. D. subsequent to the expulsion by Vikra- 

 maditya of Malwa of the Saces, from the countries along the Indus, A. D. 

 56, and a re-invasion of the land by new hordes of conquerors. 



The coin No. 4 is so much disfigured by oxidation, that the artist, who, 

 in the plate before us, tried for the first time the difficult task of delineat- 

 ing on paper the semi-defaced design of a coin utterly new to him, has 



