734 Tour in H. H, the NizawHs Territories. [No 117. 



country. In the Chinnore Circar, carts are a very ordinary mode of 

 conveyance, and, as timber is abundant, and iron procured at compa- 

 ratively a small cost, they are more substantial and better built than 

 in many other parts of India. In the other two Circars, carriage bul- 

 locks are almost wholly employed, to the exclusion of carts. 



With the exceptions of the Godavery, and the stream sent from the 

 Pakhall Lake to the Kistna, there is no permanent running water in 

 those parts. The latter, although deep, has scarcely width enough to 

 be turned to account as an avenue of commerce ; but the Godavery is, 

 with some impediments which would seem removable by art, a naviga- 

 ble river from June till February. I have conversed with more than 

 one individual, who has sailed down the river from Chinnore to Bhudra- 

 chellum in three days, from which to the sea, at Coringa, no great ob- 

 stacle offers itself. Captain Fenwick, late of the Nizam's service, from 

 whom I have derived the greater part of the information respecting the 

 Godavery that I have now the honour of communicating, and who had 

 ample opportunities of making correct and extensive observations, hav- 

 ing frequently sailed down the stream, says, " From Coringa to Bhudra- 

 chellum the navigation is perfectly free, except that there is a whirlpool, 

 or papee condul, not far above Palaverum, at the opening of the narrow 

 and tortuous straits of the same name, which wind through a range of 

 high hills for more than twelve or fifteen miles, commencing from the 

 Nizam's boundary. The river here is generally not more than 300 

 yards wide. In some places, I think even less. The mountains rise 

 almost perpendicularly from the water's edge, and the depth is many 

 fathoms." 



From Bhudrachellum to Ellapoka, the river is impeded by rocks when 

 it is low ; but when half full or more, there is difficulty in the navi- 

 gation. The same description applies to the rocks marked at Chen- 

 tral, Doonurgoovum, and Albaka ; from the last point the river, al- 

 though quite free, is somewhat shallow, early after the rains. The next 

 obstacle is the two whirlpools at Mooknoor, which, when the river is 

 full, present a considerable obstacle, but not so when it is moderately 

 full, at which time the boatmen, who are very expert, manage to steer 

 between them without danger. The passage between Nulumpully and 

 Mooknoor is only tedious after the rains, as during the freshes the rocks 

 may be sailed over. The last obstacle in the Godavery is just at the 



