9 1 2 Classified Catalogue of Mammals of Nepal. [No. 119. 



the frontal plane. Horns attached below the highest line 

 of the frontals, massive but short, ovoid or subtrigonal, and 

 curving ascendantly; thirteen pairs of ribs; a true dorsal ridge 

 co-extensive with the ribs and terminating abruptly; dewlap 

 and muzzle small ; period of gestation longer than in Bos. 

 1 Sp. and type. Bibos Cavifrons: probably the Bos Gaurus 

 of authors. H. T. 



N. B. — Gavaeus, an aberrant species leading to Bos ? 



QQ. Bison. — Cranium moderate, depressed, inclining to Eubaline 

 forms in the excess of the facial portion over the frontal, and in 

 the rounding off of the frontals into the occiput ; frontals de- 

 cidedly broader than long, more or less convex, and forming an 

 obtuse angle with the semi-circular or trigonal occipital plane 

 which is strongly ridged by the parietes at its summit, is 

 smaller than the frontal plane, and moderately indented. 

 Horns attached rather in advance of the parietal apex of the 

 cranium, small, rounded, curving ascendantly, or out of the 

 horizontal ; 14 (or 15) pairs of ribs; a true dorsal ridge, but 

 confined to the withers, and terminating posteally in a gradual 

 slope ; dewlap none ; muzzle small. Types B. Americanus et 

 Poephagus. 

 1. Sp. Poephagus in Nepal. H. N. and also Tibet. 



67. Bubalus. — Cranium large, elongate, compressed or narrow, dis- 

 proportional, exhibiting great excess (a 3rd) in the facial over 

 the frontal or cerebral portion ; frontals short, narrow, convex, 

 usually forming an obtuse angle with the occipital plane, which 

 is large and circular in proportion to the obtuseness of that 

 angle, and to the consequent rounding off of the culminal line 

 of separation ; parietals merged, not ridged as in the last, 

 nor culmenal. Horns attached to the ends of the highest line 

 of the scull, always exceeding in length that of the cranium, 

 and usually greatly so, depressed, strictly trigonal, and neither 

 ascending nor descending, but directed horizontally backwards ; 

 thirteen pairs of ribs ; no true dorsal ridge nor fleshy haunch ; 

 muzzle large and square; dewlap medial. 

 1. Sp. and type, Bubalus Arna, foem. Arnee, two varieties. 

 Macrocerus, et Speirocerus, Nob. H. T. 



