JONES. — A REVISION OF THE GENUS ZEXMENIA. 151 
2-awned, the awns shorter than the body; ray-achenes somewhat mar- 
gined and the margins produced upward into 3 coarse teeth. — Mexico. 
Specimens examined, — Jatisco: Rio Blanco, Palmer, no. 757, coll. of 
1886 (type, in herb. Gray). This species has been confused with Z. 
aurea, but it is certainly quite distinct, being well marked by its thick- 
ened lignescent base, the shape and pubescence of its leaves, long and 
ciliated involucral scales, and large more or less margined ray-achenes. 
++ + Suffruticose, fruticose, or arborescent. 
== Rays purple. 
12. Z. zinniorpes, Hemsl. Much-branched; branches long, slender, 
scabrous-pubescent, ferrugineous: leaves sessile or shortly petioled, rigid, 
ovate-oblong, 5 to 9 cm. long, acute or obtuse, remotely serrulate or 
subentire, sparsely strigillose-pubescent on both surfaces, shining above: 
peduncles 1.5 to 2.5 cm. long, commouly solitary, pubescent; heads 
about 1 cm. high; involucre campanulate, usually 1 cm. broad; bracts 
about 16, appearing somewhat decussate, scabrous, the outer rather 
broad, acute, the inner oblong or linear, glabrous, colored at the tip: 
liguies 10 to 12, purple, broadly oblong; disk-corollas purple, funnel- 
formed, papillose-hirsute on the limb: achenes margined ; awns about 
as long as the body, rigid. — Biol. Cent.-Am. Bot. ii. 175 (1881).— 
Northern Mexico. Specimens examined,—A portion of the type, 
Seemann’s no. 1464, collected on the Cerro de Pinal, and obligingly 
sent from herb. Kew. 
= = Rays yellow. 
a. Bracts unequal, in several series, the outer much the shortest. 
1. Scales of the involucre recurved at the tip. 
\ 13. Z. squarrosa, GREENMAN, n. sp. “Shrub; stems and branches 
appressed sericeous-pubescent, often copiously dotted with lenticels: 
leaves broadly ovate, 3 to 7 cm. long, 2 to 6 cm. wide, somewhat acu- 
minate, dentate, cuneate or rounded at the base, tuberculate-hispid above, 
paler and hirsute-pubescent on the prominently reticulated veins beneath, 
3-nerved from the base; petioles 0.5 to 1.5 cm. long: peduncles termiual, 
5 to 20 mm. long, cymosely arranged; heads 1 to 1.5 em. high; invo- 
lucre cylindrical or slightly turbinate, 5-6-seriate; bracts ovate to oblong, 
acute to rounded at the apex, conspicuously ciliate, the outermost shorter 
ones pubescent on the dorsal surface and with subfoliaceous squarrose 
tips: ray-flowers about 5, the ligules usually less than 1 cm. long, 
lemon-yellow; disk-flowers numerous, considerably exceeding the in- 
