158 PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY. 
on the inner angle, the awns about as long as the body; ray-achenes 
narrowly margined and with the 2 outer awns usually tooth-like, the 
inner one commonly long and slender. — Benth. in Oersted, Vidensk- 
Meddel. 1852, p. 95. Z. nicaraguensis, C. Muell. in Walp. Ann. v. 
226 (1858). —Central America. Specimens examined, — GUATEMALA: 
Santa Rosa, J. D. Smith’s sets nos. 3786, 4196; Alta Verapaz, J. D. 
Smith’s sets, nos. 1412, 7446; Heyde, no. 424; near Neuton, Nelson, no. 
3545. Honpuras: San Pedro Sula, Thieme, no. 5320. Costa Rica: 
Llanuros de Santa Clara, J. D. Smith’s sets, nos. 6617, 6618; also 
the following numbers of Pittier and assistants (Tonduz and Biolley) 
1556, 3134, 4138, 4359, 4522, 4912, 4921, 5823, 7111, 7165, 7428, 
8991, 12,911, 13,617. ? Vera Cruz (Mexico): Cordoba, Kerber, no. 
59 (not characteristic). 
§ 2, AUCHENOCARPA. Leaves opposite or the uppermost alter- 
nate: mature achenes winged (except in Z. aurantiaca, Z. lantanifolia, 
aud Z. strigosa), more or less constricted into a short neck bearing the 
pappus, or the summit of the body rouuded and bearing the awns 
directly without any intervening neck; the awns 1 to 3, long and slender 
(or reduced to short teeth), not continuous with the margins of the wings. 
* Leaves small, the cauline 2 to 8 or rarely 4 cm. long: outer involucral scales 
squarrose, loose and enlarged, or the heads subtended by 2 or 3 leaf-like bracts. 
+ Achenes not winged. 
27. Z. LANTANIFOLIA, Sch. Bip. Stem woody, branched, striate, 
scabrous-hirtellous or subcanescent-pubescent above : leaves ovate, acute 
at the apex, acuminate to subcordate at the base, 2 to 4 cm. long, irregu- 
larly serrate or serrate-dentate, above papillose-strigose, beneath strigose- 
hirsute, the veins prominent on the under surface; petioles 5 to 10 mm. 
long: peduncles solitary, 3 to 10 cm. long ; heads 10 to 15 mm. high 5 
involucre 10 to 12 mm. broad, 3-5-seriate, subtended by 4 leaves, 2 of 
these being scarcely larger than the ovate acute or abruptly acuminate 
proper involucral scales: ligules very showy, considerably exceeding the 
disk-flowers: achenes pubescent, those of the ray-flowers 2 to 3 mm. long, 
1 mm. wide, abruptly rounded or subtruncate at the summit, with usually 
1 very fragile awn and several minute squamellae; achenes of the disk- 
flowers ovate, 3 to 4 mm. long, 1 to 2 mm. wide, with 2 unequal awns 
(one of these about as long as the body) and usually a few minute 
squamellae. — Sch. Bip. in Seemann, Bot. Voy. Herald, 306 (1852-57) 
Hemsl. Biol. Cent.-Am. Bot. ii. 173. Lipochaeta lantanifolia, Sch. Bip. 
Linnaea, xix. 729 (1847).— Central Mexico. Specimens examined, — 
