160 PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY. 
somewhat exceeding the involucre: achenes 4 to 6 mm. long, slightly 
Tugose, those of the disk-flowers narrowly, of the ray-flowers broadly 
winged ; squamellae well developed, usually united at the base to form 
a short cup on the summit of the achene, the neck evident at least in the 
achenes of the disk-flowers ; awns shorter than the body, rather rigid. — 
Pl. Wright. i. 112 (1852); Hemsl. Biol. Cent.-Am. Bot. ii. 172. — 
Southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Specimens examined, 
— Texas: hills near Eagle Pass, alt. 250 m., Pringle, no. 9039; Palmer 
no. 625 (coll. of 1880) ; in the valley of the Rio Grande below Dofiana, 
Mexican Boundary Survey, no. 591; limestone rocks 112 km. below El 
Paso, Parry (coll. of 1852); Wright, no. 353 ; Chisos Mountains, Havard, 
no. 10. CHrtHuaHva: near the city, Pringle, nos. 41, 349,998. NurEvo 
Lron: Soledad, Palmer, no. 625 (coll. of 1880). Coanuvtta: Saltillo, 
Palmer, no. 803; Mesillas, Gregg, no. 534 (type, in herb. Gray). SAN 
Luts ’Porost: near the city, alt. 2000 to 2500 m., Parry -& Palmery 
4 m4 
* * Leaves larger, the cauline, 5 cm. or more in length (sometimes shorter in Z. 
hispida). 
+ Achenes angular, only slightly constricted at the summit (except in Z. virgulta) ; 
awns generally about as long as the body (but short and tooth-like in Z. goya- 
zensis). 
++ Awns short and tooth-like; ray-achenes scarcely 3 mm. in length. 
ai. 2. GOYAZENSIS, Benth. & Hook. f. Stem woody, terete, scabrous : 
leaves 10 to 15 cm. long, 5 to 7 em. broad, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, 
subcordate or cuneate-attenuate at the base, serrate-dentate, above some- 
what scabrous, beneath sparsely tomentose ; petioles about 3 cm. long: 
peduncles terminal, usually 2.5 cm. long; heads 1.5 cm. high; involucre 
about 1 em. broad, 2-seriate; outer bracts obtuse, foliaceous, scabrous, 
commonly equalling the disk-flowers : ray-flowers about 10; ligules ob- 
long: achenes with short tooth-like awns and a short crown of paleaceous 
Squamellae; achenes of the ray-flowers wingless, obpyramidal, 3-angled, 
about 3 mm. long; those of the disk-flowers more or less winged, 4 to 
5 mm. long, flattened. — Gen. ii. 373 (1873). Lipochaeta goyazensts, 
Gardn. in Hook. Lond. Jour. Bot. vii. 406 (1848); Walp. Ann. ii. 867. 
— South America, Specimens examined, — BRAzIL : near San Domingos, 
Province of Goyaz, Gardner, no. 4235 (co-type, in herb. Gray). This 
is the most southern species of Zexmenia and its achenial characters are 
very unlike all others. 
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