The Horna! 
ous ski: i!; •: • -;k j-*-Hi ’ i!i i •' ■ Hill and feet lighter. Adult 
fem-iir iv • \i ::■■■■. Still duUet, • :> -i i, the crown (at first) almost 
enfirf'j < -r'nid w it h gravis'., f row n ; ‘v ! n . h further reduced in area and 
: ; t h < - I .a. - ! V. Ft menus buffy with some admixture 
oi d:.i;,ky <h<. throat p.dediiiv'y yellow - image: Quite different (epitomiz- 
i tiioa r.i! history). uppe. parts. in a . nu chiefly dusky to blackish, sharply 
m 0 i.ii sides h< ad. , s • 1 • o.‘ } or edged (on scapulars and coverts 
and cvposed flight-feathers and i u o , white; underparts chiefly white, but 
bif-.ist inoadly spoiled v ••, : : it _■ • Hv . ease of age brings a rapid increase of 
:: hi<,wt! . ■ i h : ■ ■ . . >- ■. ,:-o . both as edging and centering of upper- 
parts. dnd as i wa.-h i dusky at tip, paling basally; feet and tarsi 
pale brown, ia-ngtl. -M .on 1 ' males a I ;<• i .it .4 (6. oo) ; wing 99 (3.90); tail 66 (2.60) ; 
bill 11 (.43): tai - (.82). Female:: are somewhat smaller. 
Recognition Marks.—Sparrow sm-; black patch on chest; black cheek and 
cr.»wn ; her . or ‘h >rus d;h ccied backward, distinctive. Less rufescent 
thun ■ . : than u-mmoph'ilo. * . cl leuc-jnsiptUa; paler and less extensively 
to ■ h, : . ■ . and insuI' : smaller and more rufescent than merrUli; 
met! sin.ti!-.. ■ . < udciir' than leucoltemo.. 
? 1 sdiii;. V . A depression in the ground, heavily lined with grasses, weed- 
• n- . tc ,.<!s, often ornamemed on the skirts by a partial pavement of 
nh u; > , . . v. - chips, etc.; pla> cd in open field in light grass cover or at base 
/ :■ 3 or 4; grayish white, or pale bufftf brown (i. e., washed by pig- 
uniformly spankkd 'i: h huffy brown or drab, occasionally 
’• A ■ • ■. •..••.( with clearer white on little end. Av. of 16 eggs from Kern 
eS 
^ tt: 
’© contained within California).—Resident in open 
;~i:n;.ii.ms west of the Sierr. 
Stockton south to the coast r 
passes. 
Authorities.—Gambel 
^ 1 
sg JU 
r. ns- . .... and ... 53 
g ■ _ ; uf San Francisco Ba\ and 
\ J ower California. Occurs in the desert 
© c 
?/ 
rj g tnd Geogr. Surv. Terr., vol. vi., 
. i m- Hist. X. Am. Birds, vol. 2, 1895, p. 341, 
a''--". Bruit. IF S. Nat. Mus., vol. xxiv., 1902, p. 
845 (orig. desc.; type locality, Fan i dego Co.); Me Alee, U. S. Dept. Agric., 
Hi' i. Surv. Hull., no. 23, 1905. p. 30. fig (food), Beal, U. S. Dept. Agric., Biol. Surv. 
H••!:. nu. 34. 1910, p. 44 (food); Tyler. Fat:. Coast Avifauna, no. 9, 1913, p. 62 (San 
Joaquin Valley; habits; nesting dates). 
No. 36>b Ruddy Horned Lark 
\. O IF 474.4. Otocoris alpestris r.ttbea Henshaw. 
Description -Similar to 0 a. aclia. but more strongly rufescent; vinaceous 
brown of cervix, etc,, deeper and ruddier (but still, nearest mikado brown); the wing- 
more extensively vinaceous; plumage of remaining upperpar'ts 
nor- 1 : ’ Ii ud'-d. The ii used ruddiness 'evuu mere noticeable in female, which is also 
more • m ii ; shaded u-toss breast. ! ■ :gF mak 159 (6.26); female 148 (5.83). 
Ksnjc c.i 0 . ■■••.id.-, ■■■■: within California).—Resident in the 
Sacrami afo Valley. 
