42 



been of great benefit to all departments of Biology, and his 

 contributions to Palaeontology are invaluable. Among the 

 latter, his original investigations on the relations of Birds and 

 Reptiles are especially noteworthy. His various memoirs on 

 extinct Reptiles, Amphibians and Fishes, belong to the perma- 

 nent literature of the subject. The important researches of Owen 

 on the fossil vertebrates have been continued to the present 

 time. He has added largely to his previous publications on 

 the British fossil Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals; the extinct 

 reptiles of South Africa, and the Post-Tertiary birds of New 

 Zealand. His description of the Archoeopteryx near the begin- 

 ning of the period was a most welcome contribution. 



The investigations of Egerton on Fossil Fishes have likewise 

 been continued with important' results. Busk, Dawkins, Flower 

 and Sanford have made valuable contributions to the history of 

 fossil Mammals. Bell, Giinther, Hulke, Lankester, Powrie, 

 Miall, and Seely, have made notable additions to our knowledge 

 of Reptiles, Amphibians, and Fishes. Among Invertebrates, the 

 Crustacea have been especially studied by Jones, Salter, and 

 Woodward. Davidson, Etheridge, Lycett, Morris, Phillips, 

 Wood, and Wright have continued their researches on the 

 Mollusks ; Duncan, Nicholson and others have investigated the 

 extinct Corals ; and Binney, Carruthers, and Williamson, the 

 Fossil Plants. Numerous other important contributions have 

 been made in Great Britain to the science during the present 

 period. 



On the Continent, the advance in Palaeontology has, during 

 the last two decades, been eqimlly great. In France, Gervais 

 continued his memoirs on extinct vertebrates nearly to the 

 present date ; wdrile Gaudry has published several volumes on 

 ■ the subject that are models for all students of the science. His 

 work on the fossil animals of Greece is a perfect monograph 

 of its kind, and his later publications are all of importance. 

 Lartet's various works are of permanent value, and his applica- 

 tion of Palaeontology to Archaeology brought notable results. 

 The volume of Alphonse Milne-Edwards on fossil Crustacea 



