31 



Tertiary shells of the Seine valley were further investigated by 

 Defrance, and especially by Deshayes, whose great work on 

 this subject was begun in 1824.* DesMoulin's essay on Sp/ier- 

 ulites in 1826, Blainville's memoir on Belemnites in 1827, 

 Ferussac's various memoirs on land and fresh water fossil 

 shells, were valuable additions to the subject. A later work of 

 great importance was D'Orbigny's Paleontologle Frangaise, 

 1840— 44, which described the mollusca and radiates in detail, 

 according to formations. The other publications of this author 

 are both numerous and valuable. Brongniart and Desmarest's 

 "Histoire naturelle des Crustaces Fossiles" published in 1822, 

 is a pioneer work on this subject. Michelins' memoir on the 

 fossil corals of France, 1841-46, was another important contri- 

 bution to palaeontology. Agassiz's works on fossil Echinoderms 

 and Mollusks are valuable contributions to the science. The 

 works of d'Archiac, Coquand, Cotteaii, Desor, Edwards, Haime, 

 and De Verneuil, are likewise of permanent value. 



In Italy, Bellardi, Merian, Michellotti, Phillipi, Zigno, and 

 others, contributed important results to Palaeontology. 



In Belgium, Boscpiet, Nyst, Ivoninck, Byckholt, Van Ben- 

 eden, and others, have all aided materially in the progress of 

 the science. 



In England, also, invertebrate fossils were studied with care, 

 and continued progress was made. Sowerby's "Mineral Conch- 

 o'logy of Great Britain," in six volumes, a systematic work of 

 great value, was published in 1812-30, and soon after was trans- 

 lated into French and German. Its figures of fossil shells are 

 excellent, and it is still a standard work. Miller's " Natural 

 History of the Crinoidea," published at Bristol, in 1821, and 

 Austin's later monograph, are valuable for reference. Bro wn's 

 " Fossil Conchology of Britain and Ireland" appeared in 1S39, 

 and Brodie's History of the Fossil Insects of England, in 1845. 

 Phillips' illustration of the geology of Yorkshire, 1S29-36, and 

 his work on the Palaeozoic fossils of Cornwall, Devonshire, and 

 "West Somerset, 1843, contained a great deal of original matter 



* Description des coquittes fossiles des environs de Paris. 3 vols. Paris, 1824-37. 



