47 



rium) also is nearly related to the Lemurs, but shows some affin- 

 ities with the South American Marmosets. This genus had 

 forty teeth. The brain was nearly smooth, and the cerebellum 

 large, and placed mainly behind the cerebrum. The orbits are 

 open behind, and the lachrymal foramen is outside the orbit. 

 Other genera belonging to the Limnolheridaz are, Nblharclos, 

 Hipposyus, Microsyops, Pakeacodon, Thinolesles and Telmaiolestes. 

 Besides these, Antiacodon (Anapttomorphus), Bathrodon and Mes- 

 acodon should probably be placed in the same group. In the 

 Diplacodon Beds, or Upper Eocene, no remains of Primates have 

 yet been detected, although they will doubtless be found there. 

 All the Eocene Primates known from American strata are low 

 generalized forms, with characters in the teeth, skeleton and 

 feet that suggest relationships with the Carnivores, and even 

 with the Ungulates. These resemblances have led palaeontolo- 

 gists to refer some imperfect specimens to both these orders. 



In the Miocene lake basins of the West, only a single spe- 

 cies of the Primates has been identified with certainty. This 

 was found in the Oreodon Beds of Nebraska, and belongs to 

 the genus Laopithecus, apparently related both to the Limno- 

 theridce and to some existing South American Monkej^s. In 

 the Pliocene and Post-Pliocene of North America, no remains 

 of Primates have yet been found. 



In the Post-Pliocene deposits of the Brazilian caves, remains 

 of Monkeys are numerous, and mainly belong to extinct spe- 

 cies of Callithrix, Cebus and JaccJms, all living South American 

 genera. Only one extinct genus, Protopiiihecus, which embraced 

 animals of large size, has been found in this peculiar fauna. 



It is a noteworthy fact, that no traces of any Anthropoid 

 Apes, or indeed of any Old World Monkeys have yet been 

 detected in America. Man, however, the highest of the Pri- 

 mates, has left his bones and his works from the Arctic Circle 

 to Patagonia. Most of these specimens are clearly Post-Ter- 

 tiary, although there is considerable evidence pointing to the 

 existence of Man in our Pliocene. All the remains yet dis- 

 covered belong to the well-marked genus Homo, and apparently 



