1. Notably gray. 



a. Head and neck above and on sides deep neutral gray; 



blackish streaking of back and scapulars very light. 



b. As foregoing but much lighter gray; black streaking heav- 



ier. 



2. A whitish or buffy blotch on wing. 



3. Head notably striped. 



a. Head sharply variegated, black, white and chestnut. 



b. Crown-stripes black (or mars brown) separated by central 



stripe and bounded by superciliaries of white. 

 (1). Lores narrowly black. 

 (2). Lores not black — whitish instead. 



(a). Lighter throughout; bend of wing pale yellow, 

 (b). Darker throughout; bend of wing more strongly 

 yellow. 



c. Superciliary yellow on anterior portion. 



4. Head less notably striped. 



a. Head showing 12-radiate pattern of blackish and whitish; 



superciliary tinged or not with yellow; inner secondaries 

 lengthened, about equal to primaries in closed wing. 



(1). Of medium color tone; bill less than .50 (12.7). 



(2). Darker throughout; bill .45 (11.5). 



(3). Medium color tone; bill about .52 (13). 



b. 12-radiate pattern of head more varied in tone and less 



distinctly maintained; inner secondaries not lengthened. 

 (1). Broadly streaked; chest not specially tinged. 

 (2). Sharply streaked; chest definitely creamy buff. 

 . The merely streaked. 



1. Rectrices narrow and sharpened; breast and sides suffused 



with cinnamon or tawny. 



a. Suffusion of breast light; a yellow spot over eye. 



b. Suffusion of breast, etc., strong; no yellow over eye. 



2. Rectrices normal; entirely but not strongly streaked. 



48. Bell's Sparrow. 



49. Sage Sparrow. 



38. Lark Bunting (female). 



39. Western Lark Sparrow. 



59. White-crowned Sparrow. 



60. Gambel's Sparrow. 



60a. Nuttall's Sparrow. 



61. White-throated Sparrow. 



41. Savanna Sparrow. 



42. Belding's Sparrow. 



43. Large-billed Sparrow. 



62. Song Sparrow. 



63. Lincoln's Sparrow. 



44. Western Grasshopper Sparrow. 



45. Nelson's Sparrow. 

 56. Brewer's Sparrow. 



Family 4. Tanagrid^. Tanagers. 



Small to medium-sized Passeres, having 9 primaries and moderate, somewhat turgid beaks, with culmen of 

 convex outline, notched at tip and toothed or lobed near middle of the maxillary tomia; tarsi scutellate. An essen- 

 tially neo-tropical family of chiefly high-plumaged birds, some members of which are not easily distinguishable from 

 Fringillids, on the one hand, or Mniotiltids on the other. Approximately 300 species, of which 2 Californian. 



I. Male dull red; female chiefly yellowish olive-green and without 



wing-bars. 75. Summer Tanager. 



II. Male yellow and black with bright red on head; female olive-gray 



to greenish yellow, with whitish wing-bars. 76. Western Tanager. 



Family 5. Mniotiltidte. Wood Warblers. 



Chiefly small-sized Passeres having 9 primaries, slender or flattish beaks of simplest form and scutellate tarsi, — 

 destitute of notable modifications of any sort. A fairly homogeneous and generalized type, difficult to define by 

 reason of very simplicity. An exclusively American family of some 200 species, notably migratory throughout the 

 United States and British Possessions. 24 species recorded for California, of which 7 accidental or nearly so, and only 

 12 breeding. 

 I. Underparts streaked. 



A. Streaks chestnut. 



1. Remaining plumage yellow. 



2. Crown chestnut; back olive-brown. 



B. Streaks black or blackish. 



1. Entire plumage black and white. 



2. Throat black (in highest plumage) on a yellow ground. 



3. Upperparts, at least in part, blue-gray. 



a. Rump yellow. 

 (1). Throat white. 

 (2). Throat yellow, not streaked. 



(a). Middle of tail white. 



(b). Tail-feathers notched with white near tips. 



b. Rump not yellow; throat black; a supraloral spot of yellow. 



4. Upper plumage chiefly olive-brown or olive buffy. 



83. Yellow Warbler. 

 93. Palm Warbler. 



77. Black-and-white Warbler. 

 89. Townsend's Warbler. 



86. Alaska Myrtle Warbler. 



84. Magnolia Warbler. 



87. Audubon's Warbler. 



88. Black-throated Gray Warbler. 



2078 



