Family 22. Tyrannid^e. Tyrant Flycatchers, New World Flycatchers. 



Characters those of the superfamily, Clamaiores. Primaries 10, the outermost fully developed; bill hooked, 

 often flattened, sometimes exceedingly so, thus triangular in outline when viewed from above; nostrils usually more 

 or less concealed by frontal feathers; proportions exceedingly varied. Eggs 2-6, white, spotted, or variously mottled 

 or striped. An American family, chiefly neo-tropical, of widest range and diversity, by reason of which many Os- 

 cinine groups are curiously shadowed or simulated. Nearly 600 forms known, of which 33 species North American 

 and 17 Californian. 

 I. Wing more than 3 inches long. 



A. Plumage with red. 



1. Wing about 3 inches; tail normal. 179. 



2. Wing nearly 5 inches; tail lengthened. 163. 



B. Plumage without red. 



1. Tip of tail broadly white. 



2. Tip of tail not broadly white, 

 a. Underparts yellow or yellowish. 



(1). Belly bright yellow. 



(a). Edge of tail abruptly white; whitish of throat not 



contrasting, 

 (b). Edge of tail merely pale; white of throat definitely 

 contrasting with surrounding gray. 

 (2). Belly pale yellow or merely yellowish, 

 (a). Upper plumage extensively bright brown. 

 (a 1 ). Larger, wing about 4.30. 



Vermilion Flycatcher. 

 Scissor-tailed Flycatcher. 



164. Kingbird. 



165. Western Kingbird. 



166. Cassin's Kingbird. 



(b 1 ). Smaller, wing 4.00 or under, 

 (b). Plumage dark brown or blackish. 

 (a 1 ). Length about 7 inches. 

 (b 1 ). Length about 6 inches. 



(a 2 ). Bill narrow and relatively deep. 



(b 2 ). Bill wider and flatter. 



b. Underparts contrasting black and white. 



c. LInderparts cinnamon-buff. 

 II. Wing less than 3 inches. 



A. Underparts distinctly yellow. 



B. Underparts merely yellowish or sordid grayish. 



1. Above brownish olive; bill normal, width at nostril mm 6 



(• 2 4)- 



2. Upperparts olive; bill relatively narrow, width at nostril 



mm 4.6 (.18). 



3. Upperparts grayer and lighter. 



a. Smaller; outermost primary shorter than 6th (5th "new 



style"). 



b. Larger; outermost primary as long as or longer than 6th. 



167. Arizona Crested Flycatcher. 



168. Ash-throated Flycatcher. 



177. Olive-sided Flycatcher. 



169. Phoebe. 



178. Western Wood Pewee. 



170. Black Phoebe. 



171. Say's Phoebe. 



172. Western Flycatcher. 



173. Brewster's Flycatcher. 



174. Hammond's Flycatcher. 



175. Wright's Flycatcher. 



176. Gray Flycatcher. 



Order 2. TROCHILIFORMES. 

 Family Trochilid^e. Hummingbirds. 



Key to ADULT MALES. 



I. Crown as well as gorget metallic iridescent. 



A. Crown and gorget purple; larger. 184. 



B. Crown and gorget violet; smaller. 185. 



II. Crown like back; throat scaled. 



A. Gorget some shade of red. 



1. Metallic scales of throat interrupted, ray-like. 180. 



2. Throat-scales lilac-red; outermost primary acicular, its tip 



inclined forward. 181. 



3. Throat- scales coppery red; back green; the chestnut confined 



to sides and tail. 182. 



4. Throat-scales coppery-red; back chiefly chestnut. 183. 



B. Gorget opaque black, changing posteriorly to violet. 186. 



Key to BOTH SEXES. 

 I. Plumage showing rufous. 



A. Smallest; length 2.75; central tail-feathers broadening near tip. 180. 



B. Length about 3.35; tail rounded in both sexes, the feathers 



tapering. 



Anna's Hummer. 

 Costa's Hummer. 



Calliope Hummer. 



Broad-tailed Hummer. 



Allen's Hummer. 

 Rufous Hummer. 

 Black-chinned Hummer. 



Calliope Hummer. 



208] 



