6 LEPIDOPTERA KHOPALOCERA 



genus. The species of the neleus-section fall into natural groups, of which the abana-subsect'ion is charac- 

 terised by the underside of the hindwing bearing stiff erect bristles not only on the veins, but also 

 scattered over the wing between the veins. In the ««/««-subsection the bristles are confined to the veins 

 and cell-fold A. hylonome and enryleuca slightly approach the rtZiflwa-subsection in bearing a few additional 

 bristles in and below the cell. There exists possibly a species which bridges over the gap between hylonome 

 and abulia as regards these bristles. 



The neuration varies generally so much that it is of no great help in the classification of Actinote, 

 but in some instances small differences appear to be constant incloselyallied species, e.g. in A. mclampeplos 

 and A . guatemalena, the lower cell-angle of the hindwing being much less produced in the former than in 

 the laiter. It is also worthy of note that in the species which have a more or less red abdomen the upper 

 radial of the forewing (vein 6) is nearly always stalked with the subcostals instead of arising from the cell. 



Geographical Distribution. — The thalia-s&ction, which we consider more primitive, at any 

 rate in pattern, is the more widely distributed. It is most abundant in South- Eastern Brazil, but is also 

 represented by one species in the Amazon Valley, the Guyanas, Eastern Venezuela, Trinidad and 

 Tabago, while several species are found in the Andes northward to Nicaragua, one occurring in Mexico. 

 The ^a/j'rt-section has evidently become distributed from Brazil proper via the Matto Grosso and Eastern 

 Bolivia. 



The 7/^«<s-section is strictly confined to the Andes from Bolivia to Mexico, only one species being 

 found from Panama northward, none occur east of the Andes, the Sierra de Merida being the most 

 eastern district from which a species of this section is known. These interesting facts in the distribution 

 of the species of Actinote are further evidence in favour of our opinion that the classification of the 

 species in two sections corresponds to the phyletic development of the genus. 



Section I. — The forewing beneath scaled between the costal margin and the apex 



of the cell and the second subcostal vein. 



A. — Hindwing beneaili with dispersed stiff bristles between the veins. 



i. Actinote radiata Hewitson, Exot. Butt. Vol. 4, t. 6, f. 39-41 (1868) (Acraea). Eastern slopes of 



the Andes. 



a. Actinote radiata radiata Hewitson, Exot. Butt. Vol. 4, t. 6, f. 39-41 (1S68) (Acraea). 



Acraea radiata Kirby, Cat. diurn. Lep. p. 137, no. 67 (1871). 



Actinote radiata Weymer, in Stiibel, Reise Siid-Amer. p. 82, no. 43, p. 72, no. 5 (1890). 

 Acraea radiata Dognin, Lep. Loja, Pt. I, p. 9 (1SS7), Pt. 2, p. 34 (1S91). 

 Actinote radiata subsp. radiata Jordan, in Wagner, Lep. Cat. Pt. n, p. 4 (igi3). 

 Actinote radiata radiata Jordan, in Seitz, Grossschmett. Vol. 5, p. 36o, t. 8ia (igi3). 

 East Ecuador, North Peru. 



b. Aotinote radiata intensa Jordan, Novit. Zool. Vol. 17, p. 463, no. 10 (1910). — PI. 2, Fig. I 2. 



Actinote radiata subsp. intensa Jordan, in Wagner, Lep. Cat. Pt. 11, p. 4 (1913). 

 Actinote radiata intensa Jordan, in Seitz, Grossschmett. Vol. 5, p. 36o (1913). 

 Eastern Peru. 



2. Actinote erinome Felder, Wien. Ent. Monatschr. Vol. 5, p. 101,110. 71 (1861) Ecuador (?), Peru, 

 [Acraea). Bolivia. 



a. Actinote erinome erinome Felder, ibidem, Vol. 5, p. 101, no. 71 (1861) (Acraea). 



Acraea erinome Kirby, Cat. diurn. Lep. p. 137. no. 66 (1871); Druce, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 218, no. 8 



(1S76). 

 Actinote erinome subsp. erinome Jordan, in Wagner, Lep. Cat. Pt. 11, p. 4 (1913). 

 Actinote erinome erinome Jordan, in Seitz, Grossschmett. Vol. 5, p. 36o, t. 8ifl (igi3). 



ab. sciana Jordan, Novit. Zool. Vol. 17, p. 463, no. 9 (1910) (Actinote erinome erinome ab.) ; idem, in Wagner, 

 Lep. Cat. Pt. 11, p. 4 (igi3) ; idem, in Seitz, Grossschmett. Vol. 5. p. 36o (igi3). 

 Ecuador?, Central East Peru. 



