254 LIFE OF DA VID LIVINGSTONE, LL.D. 



of the great exportation of slaves began. The chiefs had no objection to their 

 "washing for gold, provided they gave a small present first. Then there is 

 coal near Tete ; no fewer than eleven seams exist, one of which I found to be 

 58 inches in diameter. The coal has been lifted up by volcanic action. 

 There is also a hot spring there. The thermometer stands at 160°. The coal 

 from two of these seams could be easily exported, as they are situated on a 

 small river, about two miles below Tete, and the coal could with very little 

 trouble be brought down. When you go up the Luabo, or largest branch, 

 the river is rather narrow, but as you ascend it gets much broader. The 

 Mutu is another river that joins the Zambesi. At the point of junction of the 

 Mutu or Kilimane river with the Zambesi, the beginning of the Delta, that 

 river is three-quarters of a mile broad. "When I passed down to that point 

 it was a deep, large river, as it was then full. The Portuguese tell me there 

 is always a large body of water in the river, during certain months in the 

 year. This great body of water, spread over a large space, is in the dry 

 season shallow, except in the channel, which is rather winding. At some 

 seasons the channel changes its course. There are many reedy islands in it, 

 and these are sometimes washed away. During five months of the year there 

 is plenty of water for navigation, and during the whole year there is water 

 enough for canoes. A vessel of light draught like the Portuguese launches, 

 could go up to about 20 miles beyond Tete with the greatest ease, during 

 those months. At Kebrabasa in Chicova, there are rapids, caused by certain 

 rocks jutting out of the stream. I did not see them, as we were obliged in 

 our descent to leave the river, on account of the rivulets being filled by the 

 large river coming into flood, and to pass down by land all the way from the 

 hill Pinkue to Vunga, and thence to Tete. There is another rapid called 

 Kansala. Beyond that the river is smooth again, until you come to the 

 " Great Falls of Victoria," where it would be quite impossible for any one to 

 go up, as it is a deep fissure or cleft. 



Mr. Consul Brand, F.R.G.S. : I am unwilling to be altogether silent on 

 the present interesting occasion, having resided a good many years in that 

 part of the West Coast of Africa which Dr. Livingstone visited, and where 

 our associate Mr. E. Gabriel still resides. I had been obliged by ill health to 

 leave the country shortly before Dr. Livingstone's arrival ; but the Doctor 

 could not have fallen into better hands than into those of Mr. Gabriel. It 

 was from a letter addressed by Mr. Gabriel to Lord Ellesmere, that this 

 society first heard of Dr. Livingstone's arrival at Cassange. Mr. Gabriel 

 immediately sent an invitation to the Doctor to take up his abode with him, 

 during his stay at Loanda, and at his house the Doctor and his faithful com- 

 panions found a home. The Doctor's first report from Loanda to the London 

 Missionary Society, was written at his sick-bed by Mr. Gabriel's own hand. 

 He accompanied the Doctor part of the way on his return journey through 



