MATOKWANE SMOKERS. 317 



" they are actually eating raw butter." The principal use they made of 

 butter was to anoint the body. «- 



" The Makololo women have soft, small delicate hands and feet ; their 

 foreheads are well shaped, and of good size ; the nose not disagreeably flat ; 

 the mouth, chin, teeth, eyes, and general form, are beautiful, and contrasted 

 with the west coast negro, quite lady-like. Having maid-servants (children 

 of the Barotse and Makalaka) to wait on them and perform the principal part 

 of the household work, abundance of time is left them, and they are some- 

 times at a loss to know what to do with it." 



The party " met a venerable warrior, sole survivor, save one, probably, of 

 the Mantatee host which threatened to invade the colony in 1824. He retained 

 a vivid recollection of their encounter with the Griquas. ' As we looked at 

 the men and horses, puffs of smoke arose, and some of us dropped down dead ! 

 Never saw anything like it in all my life, a man's brains lying in one place 

 and his body in another ! ' They could not understand what was killing 

 them ; a ball struck a man's shield at an angle ; knocked his arm out of joint 

 at the shoulder ; and leaving a mark or burn, as he said, on the shield, killed 

 another man close by. We saw the man with his shoulder still dislocated. 

 Sebituane was present at the fighting, and had an exalted opinion of the 

 power of white people ever afterwards." 



The natives of Central Africa smoke Barig or native hemp, under the 

 name of Matokwane. Dr. Livingstone says : — 



" "We had ample opportunity for observing the effect of this Matokwane 

 smoking on our men. It makes them feel very strong in body, but it 

 produces exactly the opposite effect upon the mind. Two of our finest young 

 men became inveterate smokers, and partially idiotic. The performances of 

 a group of Matokwane smokers are somewhat grotesque ; they are provided 

 with a calabash of pure water, a split bamboo, five feet long, and the great 

 pipe, which has a large calabash or antelope's horn chamber to contain the 

 water, through which the smoke is drawn, on its way to the mouth. Each 

 ' smoker takes a few whiffs, the last being an extra long one, and hands the 

 pipe to his neighbour. He seems to swallow the fumes ; for, striving against 

 the convulsive action of the muscles of the chest and throat, he takes a 

 mouthful of water from the calabash, waits a few seconds, and then pours 

 water and smoke from his mouth down the groove of the bamboo. The 

 smoke causes violent coughing in all, and in some a species of frenzy, which 

 passes away in a rapid stream of unmeaning words, or short sentences, as 

 ' the green grass grows,' ' the fat cattle thrive,' ' the fish swim.' No one in 

 the group pays the slightest attention to the vehement eloquences, or the sage 

 or silly utterances of the oracle, who stops abruptly, and, the instant common 

 sense returns, looks rather foolish." 



The party left Sesheske on the 17th of September, 1860. Leshore and 



