338 LIFE OF DA YID LIVINGSTONE, LL.D. 



in the Nyassa district may be gathered from the fact that 19,000 slaves alone 

 pass through the custom-house of the island of Zanzibar ; and those taken out 

 of the country form only a small section of the sufferers, as many thousands 

 more are slain in the slave raids, and die of famine after having to fly from 

 their homes." The exploration of the lake extended from the 2nd of Septem- 

 ber to the 26th of October, 1861, and was abandoned for a time because they 

 had expended or lost the most of their goods. The party frequently suffered 

 from the want of flesh meat, although from the great size of the game, they 

 frequently had much more than they could use, in which case the natives 

 gladly accepted the surplus. On one occasion they killed two hippopotami and 

 an elephant, " perhaps in all some eight or ten tons of meat, and two days 

 after they ate the last of a few sardines for dinner." The wretched and ruined 

 Manganja, although all their sufferings were caused by the demand for human 

 flesh, sold each other into slavery when they had a chance. In speaking of a 

 native of this tribe who sold a boy he had made captive in a hostile raid, Dr. 

 Livingstone notes his " having seen a man who was reputed humane, and in 

 whose veins no black blood flowed, parting for the sum of £4 with a good- 

 looking girl, who stood in a closer relationship to him than the boy to the 

 man who excited our ire ; and she being the nurse of his son besides, both son 

 and nurse made such a pitiable wail for an entire day, that even the half-caste 

 who had bought her relented, and offered to return her to the white man, but 

 in vain." It is so long since our Government washed its hands, at an 

 immense cost, of this iniquitous traffic, and it expends so much annually to put 

 it down on the coast of Africa, that the knowledge that such things can be 

 done by civilized men comes with a shock upon us. Surely the wonderful 

 trials Dr. Livingstone has come through in his campaign against this detesta- 

 ble traffic will not have been suffered in vain ; and the knowledge of such 

 crimes against humanity will be the prelude to their extinction ! 



Arriving at the village at the foot of the cataracts, the party found it in 

 a much more flourishing condition than when they passed up. A number of 

 large huts had been built, and the people had a plentiful stock of cloth and 

 beads. The sight of several fine large canoes, instead of the old leaky ones 

 which lay there before, explained the mystery — the place had become a 

 crossing place for the slaves on their way to Tete. Well might the indignant 

 members of the expedition say that " nothing was more disheartening than 

 the conduct of the Manganja, in profiting by the entire breaking up of their 

 nation." 



The party reached the ship on the 8th of November, and on the 14th 

 Bishop Mackenzie and Mr. Burrup, who had only just joined him, visited them; 

 as they started on their downward voyage, they "gave and received three 

 hearty English cheers, as they went to the shore and we steamed off." This 

 was the last they saw of these devoted men, as they soon after perished in the 



