348 LIFE OF DA YID LIVINGSTONE, LL.D. 



seen, I believe, by Montiero in his journey to Cazembe. Part of our line 

 of march was along the route from Kilwa to the same chief." 



The following extract from a letter of Dr. Livingstone to the late Admiral 

 Washington, relates to the end of Bishop Tozer's mission, and the exactions of 

 the Portuguese : — 



" The Mission of the Universities has been a sore disappointment to me, 

 but on public grounds alone, for it formed no part of my expedition. Before 

 I left the Zambesi, I heard from Bishop Tozer, the successor to Bishop 

 Mackenzie, that he had determined to leave the country as early in the present 

 year (1864) as possible. He selected the top of an uninhabited mountain — 

 Morambala, at the mouth of the Shire — for his mission-station. Fancy a mission- 

 station on the top of Ben Nevis I It is an isolated hill in the middle of a generally 

 flat country; consequently all the clouds collect around the summit, and the con- 

 stant showers and fogs at certain times make the missionaries run, to avoid 

 being drenched, into the huts. Unlike the first, the second party has been quite 

 useless ; they never went near any population that could be taught, and are now 

 about to run away altogether. Wishing to be strictly accurate as to the 

 incredible fact of a missionary bishop without a flock, I made minute inquiry, 

 and found that on the mountain there were three native huts at one spot, four 

 at another, and nine at a third ; but none, except the first three, within easy 

 access of the station. Twenty-five boys whom we liberated, and gave to the late 

 Bishop Mackenzie, were very unwillingly received by his successor, although 

 without them he would have had no natives whatever to teach. He wished to 

 abandon certain poor women and children who were attached to the mission by 

 Bishop Mackenzie, but Mr. Waller refused to comply with his proposal, and 

 preferred to resign his connection with the mission. In reference to a promise 

 by the Government of Portugal to send out fresh instructions to the Portu- 

 guese officials to render us every assistance, which was made in answer to 

 Lord Russell's remonstrance to the authorities at Lisbon, we have only a fresh 

 imposition, in the shape of a tax for residence at Killimane, on Dr. Kirk's 

 party. It amounted to between £7 and £8, which, of course, I must pay. The 

 duty of 4d. per pound weight on calico seems to say, ' We Portuguese mean to 

 seal up the country more closely than ever.' I never intended to make use of 

 the Zambesi after getting the steamer on the Lake. I only thought, as we had 

 discovered this opening, we ought to make use of it to get up there, and then 

 send out ivory by the Rovuma, during the eight months of the year that it is 

 navigable. I regret not being able to finish what I had begun. I thank you 

 for the charts of the Rovuma, and shall endeavour to take soundings, not on 

 the bar, for there is none, but opposite the mouth. The only thing like a bar 

 is a phenomenon which occurs at half-ebb, and up to the time when the tide 

 turns, at which period the water, rushing out of the river, falls from three or 

 four fathoms into nineteen fathoms, and thus causes a commotion which might 



