CAMERON'S ADDRESS TO WORKING MEN 699 



to the eastward was one of remarkable fertility. In some places he saw 

 enormous plantations of Caffre corn ; and Mr. Moffat, Dr. Livingstone's 

 nephew, who accompanied the expedition, and who, alas, was destined soon 

 to succumb to the climate, said that the sugar produced beat anything he 

 had seen in Natal, where he had been for some years as a sugar planter. 



Crossing the mountains of Usagara he came to the country of the Ugogo, 

 where it was necessary for travellers to conduct themselves most carefully. 

 The people were most extortionate, and, like the majority of Africans, were 

 thieves and liars. Every small village had its independent chief, and to each 

 of these he had to pay tribute, representing about £40 or £50. The language 

 of the Ugogi was very much like to the snapping and snarling of a pack of 

 hounds; and when they got excited and angry, it was hnpcssible to describe 

 the manner in which they barked and snarled at each other. The greatest 

 luxury and happiness they enjoyed was to get as perfectly drunk as they 

 could. This they were not often able to do, as it was only after their harvest 

 that they had the means of indulging this appetite, c For three months after 

 harvest, however, it was hard to find a man in Ugogo who was not three parts 

 " fou." Leaving Ugogo they passed through Mgunda Karli, a hot field where 

 fifteen or twenty years ago there were scarcely any inhabitants and little or 

 no water. Now it was occupied by the Wakimbu, who had been forced from 

 their homes by one of the constantly-recurring wars among the natives ; and 

 they had built villages and cultivated fields in what was formerly an im- 

 penetrable forest. 



After a few more marches he came to Unyamwesi country, and entered 

 the basin rf the Nile. The Unyamwesi had been famous for many years. 

 The Arabs formed a settlement there some thirty years ago, but before that 

 time the Unyamwesi used to come down to the coast with ivory. At Taborah 

 he was delayed for some months by fever and other illness — he was blind for 

 six weeks — and it was here that he heard of Livingstone's death, and received 

 his body and saw it sent off to the coast. He told next how his companion, 

 Murphy, on the ground that the object of the expedition was finished, sent in 

 his resignation. On finding that he meant to prosecute his journey, he volun- 

 teered again to accompany him. But seeing the difficulty of getting men, 

 and that if the two went they would require double the amount of stores and 

 double the number of carriers, he resolved to go on alone. On his way to 

 Ujiji, which was the next stage of importance, he crossed the river Sindi on 

 one of those grass bridges which were among the greatest natural curiosities 

 of Africa. They were composed of grass, which floated on the surface of the 

 water, and were sometimes upwards of half a mile long. Reeds and a kind of 

 fern, and occasionally flowers, grew on them, and they were about three feet 

 thick. A person could walk across these bridges at the season when they 

 were strongest and not know that he was not on solid land ; but that they 



